PubMed · 5883285
The source did not provide an abstract. Follow the original record for more information.
Explore connections, maps & timelines
S Nobile. 1965-12-31. [Electroencephalographic studies on conditioned reflexes].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5883285/
Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.
KEEP EXPLORING
Animal research assessing multiple responses during Pavlovian conditioning has revealed a dichotomy between the central nervous system (CNS) substrates for somatomotor and visceral CRs. These findings have implications for the study of clinical/applied problems in human subjects, since differences in the acquisition functions for these response systems may suggest which CNS structures are involved in various neuropsychiatric disorders. The present paper describes methods and procedures utilized to assess the somatomotor conditioned eyeblink (EB) response and accompanying visceral changes in human subjects. Methods are described for assessing concomitant EB conditioned and unconditioned responses and the accompanying heart rate, skin conductance, and respiratory changes during Pavlovian conditioning in human subjects. It is stressed that utilization of concomitant conditioning of these different response systems may lead to inferences regarding the central nervous system structures involved in a variety of different kinds of clinical problems.
The results presented in the article by S. M. Alessi, J. M. Roll, M. P. Reilly, and C.-E. Johanson (2002) suggest that the reinforcing impact of diazepam can change as a function of the participant's experience with the drug. The data fit nicely with a long tradition in learning theory that has shown that the effects of reinforcers can depend crucially on what the organism has been able to learn about them. Often, that learning reflects an associative process like the one involved in Pavlovian conditioning. The hypothesis that preference for diazepam increased in the Alessi et al. study because the drug was associated with money would benefit from additional experiments that include control conditions isolating the role of the Pavlovian drug-money contingency.
This study evaluated the hypothesis that an increase in set-level stimulus-response compatibility produces facilitation for congruent mappings and interference for incongruent mappings. The degree of set-level compatibility was manipulated by varying combinations of conceptual, perceptual, and structural similarity. Experiment 1 varied perceptual similarity, by combining two stimulus codes (spatial, verbal) with two response modalities (manual, vocal) for orthogonal spatial dimensions, which have structural similarity. The element-level mapping effect did not vary as a function of the code-modality relation, in contrast to findings obtained with parallel spatial dimensions, which also have conceptual similarity. Experiment 2 manipulated combinations of conceptual and perceptual similarity by combining vertical and horizontal stimulus and response orientations, using verbal or spatial stimuli and vocal responses. The element-level mapping effect was larger for parallel than orthogonal orientations, with congruent mappings showing facilitation and incongruent mappings showing interference. The largest effect was facilitation for parallel orientations with the verbal-vocal set, consistent with the view that perceptual similarity contributes to performance primarily when responding with the identity of the stimulus. Our results indicate that conceptual similarity, but not perceptual similarity, produces the facilitation/interference pattern suggestive of automatic activation of the corresponding response regardless of mapping.