PubMed · 6011692
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P Barzó. 1966. [Bronchographic changes in chronic bronchitis].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6011692/
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PURPOSE: To describe the rare problem of severe bronchospasm occurring during cardiopulmonary bypass in a six-year-old-child. CLINICAL FEATURES: Severe bronchospasm became apparent on attempting to resume controlled ventilation prior to weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass. The patient had a previous history of asthma but was asymptomatic preoperatively. Aggressive therapy with multiple bronchodilating agents was necessary before cardiopulmonary bypass could be discontinued. The bronchospasm resolved over the first 24 hr after surgery. CONCLUSION: Severe bronchospasm during cardiopulmonary bypass is rare. It should only be diagnosed after ruling out other reasons for failure to ventilate. Treatment with intravenous bronchodilators is required. The cause is unknown.
BACKGROUND: Healthy elite runners often report bronchial symptoms when training in subzero temperatures. The occurrence and causes of exercise-induced bronchospasm after heavy exercise in cold air were investigated in elite runners. METHODS: Thirty two non-asthmatic runners, mostly from Finnish national teams, volunteered to take part in the study. They answered a questionnaire and were subjected at subzero temperature to a heavy exercise challenge test combined with lung function testing. RESULTS: Sixteen of the runners were atopic on skin prick tests. The mean (SD) maximal change in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) after the exercise challenge was -4.8 (7.1)% in the atopic runners, and +2.1 (3.4)% in the non-atopic runners. When the mean maximal change in FEV1 minus 2SD (-4.7%) of the exercise response of the non-atopic runners was taken as the lower limit of a "normal" result, eight of the atopic runners responded abnormally. CONCLUSIONS: Heavy exercise at temperatures below zero causes bronchospasm in a high proportion of elite runners with atopy. Although the changes in lung function are mostly small, they may affect the maximal performance of atopic runners. Non-atopic runners are not affected.