PubMed · 6162610
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M Habel. 1981. Plasma expanders.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6162610/
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Correlations between preoperative nutritional status on the one hand and postoperative morbidity and mortality on the other hand were reviewed in articles from literature. The inclusion criteria for analysis were the following: large series, well defined nutritional status, major surgery, objective evaluation of postoperative complications and relevant statistical analysis. This study considered factors supposed to alter this correlation, namely the type of primary disease, intensity of denutrition, obesity, site and grade of cancer and age. There was a highly significant correlation between preoperative denutrition and postoperative morbidity and mortality. This correlation was existing whether operation was performed on the gastrointestinal tract or not, whether the primary disease was a cancer or not. The more important the denutrition, the more frequent the postoperative complications and deaths. Morbidity and mortality rates were linearly correlated to denutrition. After head and neck surgery for malignant diseases, malnourished elderly patients had poor prognosis. Obesity had the same prognostic value as denutrition.
We previously reported elevations of interleukin 2 (IL-2) in the serum of patients with chronic progressive MS. Using gel chromatography, protein A sepharose affinity chromatography, and ELISAs for IL-2 and the IL-2 soluble receptor, we now demonstrate that this cytokine is bound to serum proteins. These serum proteins include antibodies to IL-2, soluble IL-2 receptors, and high-molecular-weight proteins. Using a CTLL cell assay, a serum fraction corresponding to IgG antibodies to IL-2 inhibited the activity of this cytokine. Thus, we present evidence for potential immunomodulation of a pivotal cytokine in MS by serum proteins.
The free (unbound) drug in serum is an important determinant of pharmacologic response. The present study was performed to more completely identify and evaluate factors affecting cocaine binding to human serum proteins. Protein binding was determined by ultrafiltration with [3H] cocaine. Cocaine binding parameters in serum from eight healthy volunteers were determined over a concentration range of 0.003 to 300 microM (0.001-100 micrograms/ml) and indicated cocaine binds to two classes of independent binding sites; one with high affinity [association constant (Ka) = 0.42 +/- 0.09 microM-1] and low capacity (N1 = 12.3 +/- 2.9 microM) and one with low affinity and high capacity (gamma = 0.41 +/- 0.05). Binding was concentration dependent with free fraction increasing from 0.16 +/- 0.05 to 0.68 +/- 0.02 over this concentration range. The binding capacity was significantly correlated with alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) concentration (r2 = 0.71, P = .0009). Binding studies were performed using AAG and human serum albumin (HSA) alone and together in phosphate buffer to determine the specific proteins responsible for cocaine binding. These studies revealed the binding of cocaine to AAG is potentiated by the presence of HSA as Ka for the first binding site increased from 0.08 microM-1 with AAG alone to 0.46 microM-1 with AAG combined with HSA 4 g/dl. Binding parameter estimates and cocaine free fraction in human serum and AAG 75 mg/dl plus HSA 4 g/dl in phosphate buffer were similar indicating that AAG and HSA are the principal binding proteins in serum.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)