PubMed Health⌕ Search
Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 6164352

Plastic-embedded human marrow biopsy specimens: improved histochemical methods.

H Moosavi·M A Lichtman·J A Donnelly·C J Churukian
View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

Improved methods for processing, sectioning, and staining plastic (glycol methacrylate)-embedded human marrow biopsy specimens were studied. Special stains, including naphthol AS-D-chloro-acetate esterase, PAS, reticulin, and iron, have been modified so that they are suitable for undecalcified, 2-microns-thick, plastic-embedded human marrow biopsy specimens. These adaptations permit plastic-embedded marrow specimens to be used for clinical diagnosis. Marrow biopsy specimens embedded in plastic were compared with biopsy specimens preserved by the conventional paraffin method. The plastic-embedded marrows provide better results from morphologic examination (enhancing diagnostic accuracy), permit assessment of bone as well as of marrow, and allow histochemical analysis to be performed.

Explore related subjects

Anemia, AplasticBenzoyl PeroxideBiopsyBone MarrowBone Marrow ExaminationHistological TechniquesHumansMethacrylatesMultiple MyelomaParaffinPlasticsStaining and LabelingComparative StudyJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

H Moosavi, M A Lichtman, J A Donnelly, C J Churukian. 1981. Plastic-embedded human marrow biopsy specimens: improved histochemical methods.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6164352/

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed1996

Production of hematopoietic regulatory cytokines by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with aplastic anemia.

The aim of this study was to measure the level of cytokines produced by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) in patients with aplastic anemia (AA) and determine their effect on normal bone marrow (BM) colony growth. Thirty-five patients with AA and 21 normal controls were enrolled in the study. Medium conditioned by PBMNC of AA patients in the presence of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) was found to be suppressive to the clonal growth of normal BM cells. Thus, we further determined the presence in the PBMNC conditioned medium (CM) of inhibitory cytokines (macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha [MIP-1 alpha], transforming growth factor-beta 2 [TGF-beta 2], interferon-gamma [IFN-gamma], and tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha]) and stimulatory cytokines (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulatory factor [GM-CSF], interleukin-3 [IL-3], and stem cell factor [SCF]). The results show no significant difference between AA patients and normal controls in the spontaneous production of all cytokines by PBMNC. After PHA stimulation, the production of MIP-1 alpha, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and GM-CSF significantly increased in the cultures of AA patients (p = 0.0009, 0.0002, 0.0022, and 0.0156, respectively). However, both TGF-beta 2 and SCF were undetectable in most of the tested samples. IL-3 was measured in the conditioned medium only after PHA stimulation, but without significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.67). Furthermore, the myelopoietic suppressing effect of AA-PBMNC CM could be significantly blocked by pretreatment with specific antibodies to the corresponding inhibitory cytokines (MIP-1 alpha, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha). After antibody neutralization, an apparent change occurred in the clonal growth of normal BM cells incubated with AA-PBMNC CM, resulting in colony enhancement of 205, 131, and 237% by anti-MIP-1 alpha, anti-IFN-gamma, and anti-TNF-alpha, respectively. These results suggest that overproduction of inhibitory cytokines, rather than underproduction of stimulating cytokines, may play a role in the progression of at least some patients with AA.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1995

Plasma/serum levels of flt3 ligand are low in normal individuals and highly elevated in patients with Fanconi anemia and acquired aplastic anemia.

The flt3 ligand is a growth factor that stimulates the proliferation of hematopoietic progenitor and stem cells. We established a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure the concentration of flt3 ligand in plasma or serum from normal individuals, as well as in patients with hematopoietic disorders. Concentrations of flt3 ligand in plasma or serum from normal individuals were quite low: only 12% (7 of 60) of normal individuals had flt3 ligand levels above 100 pg/mL (the limit of detection). In contrast, 86% (19 of 22) of samples from patients with Fanconi anemia and 100% (eight of eight) of samples from patients with acquired aplastic anemia had plasma or serum levels above 100 pg/mL. Mean plasma or serum concentrations (calculated by assigning a value of 0 pg/mL to any sample reading below the level of detection) were as follows: normal volunteers, 14 pg/mL; patients with Fanconi anemia, 1,331 pg/mL; and patients with acquired aplastic anemia, 460 pg/mL. Concentrations of flt3 ligand in blood are, therefore, specifically elevated to a level that may be physiologically relevant in hematopoietic disorders with a suspected stem cell component. The elevated flt3 ligand concentrations in these individuals may be part of a compensatory hematopoietic response to boost the level of progenitor cells.

Anemia, Aplastic↗