PubMed · 6221426
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A Adeloye. 1983. Extradural compression by guinea worm.. https://doi.org/10.1016/0090-3019(83)90153-2
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In 1986, when the World Health Assembly adopted a resolution calling for the eradication of dracunculiasis (i.e., Guinea worm disease), an estimated 3.5 million cases occurred in 20 countries, and 120 million persons were at risk for the disease. This report describes the status of the global dracunculiasis eradication program (DEP) as of the end of 2003. The findings indicate substantial overall progress towards eradication in 2003 compared with 2002, a major reduction in cases in Sudan, and an increase in cases in Ghana. Further progress will require 1) increased surveillance in all areas in which dracunculiasis is endemic or was previously endemic, 2) access to areas that lack security, and 3) concentrated efforts in Sudan once peace is achieved.
Macrofilariae have been recognized for many millennia. Microfilariae were, however, not demonstrable until microscopy attained an advanced degree of perfection. Demonstration of the mode of transmission of the various filariases (Wuchereria bancrofti, Onchocerca volvulus, and Loa loa), dominated by Manson's work on lymphatic filariasis, constitutes one of the most exciting phases inhuman parasitology.
In 1986, when the World Health Assembly adopted a resolution calling for the eradication of dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease), an estimated 3.5 million persons in 20 countries had the disease, and approximately 120 million persons were at risk for infection. By the end of 2002, annual incidence of the disease had been reduced >98%; seven countries in which dracunculiasis formerly was endemic (Cameroon, Chad, India, Kenya, Pakistan, Senegal, and Yemen) were free of the disease, and four countries (Central African Republic, Ethiopia, Mauritania, and Uganda) reported <100 cases each. During 1993-2002, the number of villages outside Sudan that reported cases decreased from approximately 23,000 to 2,022. This report describes the status of the global Dracunculiasis Eradication Program (DEP)* as of June 2003. The data indicate that incidence of the disease outside Ghana and Sudan has declined substantially since June 2002. Continuing efforts in all countries in which the disease is endemic, intensified efforts in Ghana, and an end to the ongoing war in Sudan are required for the eradication of dracunculiasis.