PubMed · 6236197
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J H Brewer. 1984. Sepsis.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6236197/
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The in vitro initial killing and post-antibiotic effect (PAE) of meropenem on five gram-negative reference strains were evaluated by bioluminescence assay of bacterial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and viable count. Morphology studies were performed in parallel. Meropenem showed concentration-dependent long (2-5 h) PAEs on Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens when assayed by bioluminescence and induced spheroplasts at almost all concentrations. The bioluminescence PAEs reached a maximum response at 4 x MIC. These PAEs of meropenem on Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Serratia marcescens were longer than corresponding PAEs of imipenem shown in previous studies. The higher affinity of meropenem than imipenem for PBP 3 might explain the longer PAEs obtained with meropenem. However, there was only a very short PAE, no PAE or even a negative PAE when viable count was used as the initial value for the PAE calculation. A strong initial decrease in viability but a less pronounced change in intracellular ATP was registered. Since this initial change in cell numbers is the initial value for the PAE calculation, the length of PAE was highly method dependent. In summary, a strong initial killing and no PAE were shown using viable count as the initial value for the PAE calculation, but a weak initial killing and long PAEs were shown when bioluminescence was used throughout the experiments.
Margaret Dunkley, Reinhard Pabst and Allan Cripps discuss the role of intestinally derived T cells in protecting the lung against Gram-negative bacterial infection. They describe the factors directing T-cell migration from gut-associated lymphoid tissue to lung, and focus on the role of T cells and T-cell-derived cytokines in bacterial clearance from the lung.
A commercial method (RAPIDEC ur; bioMérieux UK Ltd, Basingstoke) and an in-house scheme based on conventional tests were compared for the identification of 179 commonly encountered gram-negative urinary pathogens. The methods identified correctly to genus level 97% and 84% of organisms, respectively. RAPIDEC ur was superior at identifying Escherichia coli, due to the detection of beta-glucuronidase activity, but less cost-effective than the in-house scheme.