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PubMed · 655928

Classification of human cataracts.

L T Chylack
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Abstract

A stereoscopic system of lens photography was developed and was applied in the classification of different forms of cataract. Lenses, after surgical extraction, can be classified by a technician, independent of ophthalmological collaboration. This system meets the needs of the laboratory scientist and has been adopted by the Cooperative Cataract Research Group.

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CataractHumansLens, CrystallineMethodsOphthalmologyPhotogrammetryPunched-Card SystemsJournal ArticleResearch Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

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L T Chylack. 1978. Classification of human cataracts.. https://doi.org/10.1001/archopht.1978.03910050490021

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PubMed2026

KLF5 promotes proliferation, migration, and autophagy-/EMT‑associated molecular changes in lens epithelial cells via transcriptional activation of THBS1 in traumatic cataract.

PURPOSE: Traumatic cataract is a common blinding eye disease after ocular trauma, and its pathogenesis is closely related to lens epithelial cell dysfunction, while the definite molecular regulatory mechanism between upstream transcription factor and downstream target gene remains poorly clarified. This study aimed to clarify the role and molecular mechanism of the krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5)/ thrombosponin 1 (THBS1) axis in regulating proliferation, migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and autophagy of lens epithelial cells in traumatic cataract, and to explore its potential clinical therapeutic value. METHODS: The GSE295383 dataset in the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database was downloaded, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by linear models for microarray data (limma) package of R language. Combined with Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), the gene co-expression network was constructed and the key modules were screened. Gene ontology (GO), kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) combined with human transcription factor target (hTFtarget) and JASPAR databases were used to predict the upstream transcription factors of THBS1. Subsequently, SRA01/04 cells were induced with transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-β2) to construct a cataract cell model. RESULTS: THBS1 and KLF5 were highly expressed in LECs exposed to TGF-β2. KLF5 could activate THBS1 transcription by binding to THBS1 promoter - 174 to -165 sites. Knockdown of THBS1 inhibited TGF-β2-induced viability, proliferation, migration, and altered the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)- and autophagy-related markers in LECs. Knockdown of KLF5 downregulated THBS1 expression and produced a similar inhibitory effect, while overexpression of THBS1 reversed the effect of KLF5 knockdown. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that KLF5 promoted the proliferation, migration, and EMT‑associated molecular changes of LECs in traumatic cataract through transcriptional activation of THBS1, and regulated the expression of autophagy‑related markers in LECs, suggesting that KLF5/THBS1 axis might be a potential target for the treatment of traumatic cataract.

Cataract↗
PubMed1992

Study of the substructure of the Morgagni and Brunescens cataract with the TAO non-coating technique. Part 1: Morgagni cataract.

Lens tissue from a Morgagni cataract was examined by SEM and TEM. For SEM, after prefixation with glutaraldehyde and postfixation with the tannic acid/arginine/OsO4 non-coating (TAO) technique, and for TEM, after prefixation with glutaraldehyde, postfixation with OsO4/K4Fe(CN)6 and poststaining with uranyl acetate/lead citrate. The TAO technique seems to be a particularly suitable postfixation method for the SEM investigation of cataract tissue because of the presence of the protein structures present. The cortical region showed areas of radially, instead of concentrically, arranged lens fibres, degenerated lens fibres with holes (vacuoles), broken ball and socket connections between the lens fibres, and oval or spherical structures varying in size from 0.5-20 microns, the largest resembling a golfball, arising from the cytoplasm of degenerating lens fibres. The smallest, 0.2-0.5 microns, appear to have been expelled from the furrowed lens epithelium.

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PubMed1992

Study of the substructure of the Morgagni and Brunescens cataract with the TAO non-coating technique. Part 2: Brunescens cataract.

Lens tissue from a Brunescens cataract was prepared for SEM study by prefixation with glutaraldehyde and postfixation with the tannic acid/arginine/OsO4 combination; for TEM study the material was prefixed with glutaraldehyde, postfixed with OsO4/K4Fe(CN)6 and poststained with uranyl acetate/lead citrate. At low magnification, in contrast to the Morgagni cataract, no difference could be seen between the lens fibres in the cortical and nuclear areas. Morphologically, the destruction of the ball and socket system and the development of holes and spherical structures was striking. The latter appeared to have a thin coating and, after fracture, were either empty or showed remnants of material resembling membranes. In sections of the cataractous material, larger vacuoles containing smaller spheres were indistinctly visible.

Cataract↗