PubMed · 662517
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J L Northern. 1978. Advanced techniques for measuring middle ear function.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/662517/
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A dynamic model of the middle ear and mastoid system was designed in order to evaluate basic principles in tympanometry. The model allows controlled simulation of the exact changes in the ear drum's mass and in intratympanic volume and pressure. The contribution of each of these factors to acoustic impedance was measured. We found that the volume values of static, acoustic compliance were equal to the volume of air in a closed cell. There was good correlation between direct measurement of air pressure in the model cell and indirect pressure measurement by tympanometry. We also demonstrated a difference between mechanical displacement of the drum and its displacement by negative pressure. This demonstration of tympanometry using a middle-ear compatible model enables us to understand its principles and helps in the education of students.
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OBJECTIVE: To determine the reliability, validity, and feasibility of a new hand held microtympanometer. DESIGN: Comparison of microtympanometry by two independent observations of a general practitioner and a nurse, and against a validated reference instrument. SETTING: Primary care health centre of a school for the deaf in the United States. SUBJECTS: 111 schoolchildren receiving a regular check up. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Tympanometry with the Grason Stadler 28, classified with a slightly modified Jerger's classification. RESULTS: Interobserver reliability was 0.95 (Cohen's kappa). Results of microtympanometry were highly comparable with results of the reference instrument (likelihood ratio of positive results, 161.2). CONCLUSIONS: The microtympanometer could be used in general practice: it is hand held, child friendly, easy to handle, and accurate.