PubMed · 6746271
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E O Ekunwe, R Kessel. 1984. Informed consent in the developing world.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6746271/
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Many Jewish immigrants from North Africa in the late 1950s were treated with low-dose irradiation of the scalp for tinea capitis. In 2 such patients, a 47-year-old man and a 43-year-old woman, both with long histories of headaches and dizziness, meningiomas were found. There is a well-known correlation between low-dose irradiation of the scalp and development of meningioma. Therefore, in immigrants from North Africa with prolonged headaches and dizziness, there should be a careful history with regard to irradiation of the scalp and investigation to exclude meningioma.
Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive recurrent episodic inflammatory disorder that occurs with high frequency in certain populations in the Mediterranean area. Using extended pedigree data of 90 FMF probands, we calculated the FMF gene frequency in various ethnic groups in Israel by analyzing the frequency in a total of 2,312 first cousins. The heterozygote frequencies were as follows: 1:4.9 (0.2 +/- 0.06) for the Libyan subgroup, 1:6.4 (0.16 +/- 0.03) for the other North African countries subgroup, 1:13.3 (0.07 +/- 0.04) for the Iraqi subgroup, 1:11.4 (0.09 +/- 0.06) for the Ashkenazic subgroup, and 1:29.4 (0.03 +/- 0.03) for the remaining ethnic groups. The observed number of affected parents and offspring of the probands was in agreement with the estimated gene frequency. Thus, the FMF gene frequency is very high in all Jewish ethnic groups in Israel, especially those originating in North African countries. This also explains the parent-to-off-spring transmission of FMF reported in North-African Jews.
The mitochondrial genetic variability in European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) populations present in Europe and North Africa from 11,000 years ago to the present day has been analyzed using ancient DNA techniques. DNA was extracted from 90 rabbit bones found in 22 archaeological sites dated between the Mesolithic and recent times. Nucleotide sequences present in a variable 233-bp domain of the cytochrome b gene were compared to those present in modern-day rabbits. The results show that the structure of ancient populations of wild rabbit exhibited remarkable stability over time until the Middle Ages. At this time, a novel type of mtDNA molecule abruptly appears into most wild populations studied from France. This mtDNA type corresponds to that currently present in the domestic breeds of rabbit examined so far. The relative rapidity by which this mtDNA type established and its absence in all sites examined before 1,700 years ago lend support to the hypothesis that between 2,000 and 1,000 years ago, man may have favored the development, into all regions of France, of animals carrying this particular mtDNA molecule. The origin of such animals has still to be found: animals previously living outside of France or within France but in very restricted areas? This event was concomitant with the documented establishment of warrens after the tenth century A.D. in Europe.