PubMed · 6904478
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V Z Barham, W R Schneider. 1980. MATRIX: a unique patient classification system.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6904478/
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A sequence analysis of the 16S-rRNA of Methanococcoides euhalobius revealed that this organism was highly related to members of the genus Methanohalophilus. On the basis of sequence data, an oligonucleotide probe specific to Methanohalophilus species was designed. Hybridization studies with this probe confirmed close relationship of Methanococcoides euhalobius to Methanohalophilus species. Therefore, we propose that Methanococcoides euhalobius should be transferred to the genus Methanohalophilus as Methanohalophilus euhalobius.
Lipomyces starkeyi is known to be associated with three strains-clusters showing high mutual nDNA reassociation within each cluster, but which reassociate ambiguously with the type of L. starkeyi. Representative strains of L. starkeyi and Cluster alpha were examined for possible genetic exchange by the prototrophic selection technique. Since no genetic recombination was detected, the strains are presumed to be genetically isolated. Cluster alpha is consequently assigned to the rank of species as Lipomyces mesembrius. A description of the new species is given. Lipomyces kononenkoae ssp. spencermartinsiae has been raised to the rank of species as L. spencermartinsiae.
Translating a verbal coding system from one language to another can yield unexpected insights into the process of communication in different cultures. This paper describes the problems and understandings we encountered as we translated a verbal response modes (VRM) taxonomy from English into Spanish. Standard translations of text (e.g., psychotherapeutic dialogue) systematically change the form of certain expressions, so supposedly equivalent expressions had different VRM codings in the two languages. Prominent examples of English forms whose translation had different codes in Spanish included tags, question forms, and "let's" expressions. Insofar as participants use such forms to convey nuances of their relationship, standard translations of counseling or psychotherapy sessions or other conversations may systematically misrepresent the relationship between the participants. The differences revealed in translating the VRM system point to subtle but important differences in the degrees of verbal directiveness and inclusion in English versus Spanish, which converge with other observations of differences in individualism and collectivism between Anglo and Hispanic cultures.