PubMed · 6935628
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H M Eriksen. 1980. [Current information on calcium hydroxide basis].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6935628/
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OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical and radiological outcomes following two different, single visit vital pulp therapy techniques, in cariously exposed primary molar teeth. SETTING: A paediatric dental clinic within the Dental Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. SUBJECTS: Fifty two child patients were sequentially enrolled in the clinical investigation, 26 males and 26 females with an age range of 3.3-12.5 years. Primary molar teeth requiring vital pulp therapy were randomly allocated to either the formocresol group (F) or the calcium hydroxide group (C). The total number of teeth treated was 84. DESIGN: Recruitment was on the basis of strict inclusion criteria. Coronal pulp amputation was prescribed only in teeth with vital, cariously exposed pulp tissue. Treatment was undertaken between October 1994 and December 1996. All cases were reviewed using predefined clinical and radiological criteria. The statistical tests used were logistic regression of a triple nested data structure, chi-squared analysis of equality of treatment and probability of success with relation to subject age. RESULTS: Eighty-four cariously exposed primary molars required vital pulp therapy. Forty six (55%) teeth were included in the F group and 38 (45%) allocated to the C group. Five teeth were lost to follow-up, leaving 79 teeth: forty four (56%) in group F and 35 (44%) in group C. Eighty four percent (37/44) of teeth treated with formocresol and 77 percent (27/35) treated with calcium hydroxide were classed as clinically and radiographically successful at the cut-off date, December 1997, after a mean clinical review of 22.5 months (range 6.1-38.5 months) and a mean radiographic review of 18.9 months (range 1.3-36.9 months). CONCLUSION: This investigation confirms the clinical efficacy of a one-fifth dilution of Buckley's Formocresol as an agent in pulp treatment of cariously exposed, vital primary molar teeth. However, calcium hydroxide in its pure, powder form is a clinically acceptable alternative when combined with strict selection criteria for this method of restorative care. There was a statistically insignificant difference in successful clinical and radiological outcome between the two treatment groups. Success was unrelated to the duration of time taken to achieve haemostasis and the presence or absence of bleeding after placement of the medicament.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate Ca2+ and OH- diffusion properties through root dentin by using different calcium hydroxide (CH) dressing materials. Twenty-eight single-rooted teeth were instrumented and external defects were created on the root surface. 17% EDTA was used to eliminate the smear layer. All surfaces except the external defects were sealed, and the teeth were placed in normal saline. Ca2+ concentrations and the pH in the saline were determined for 3 days as the control period. After removing the teeth from normal saline, they were filled with: (i) DT Temporary Dressing CH; (ii) CH powder and normal saline; (iii) TempCanal; and (iv) CH points. The teeth were then placed in normal saline, and Ca2+ concentrations and pH values were measured at 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 days. Nonsetting CH pastes gradually released Ca2+, whereas this increase was absent from CH points. None of the test materials induced a pH increase in the media during the observation period. This study demonstrated that, when nonsetting CH pastes are applied to the root canal, diffusion of Ca2+ without an increase in pH to the surrounding media occurs. This implies that these type of material are more suitable than CH points for treatment of external root resorption.
The aim of this study was to investigate whether differences in the composition of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) preparations influence the removal efficiency of irrigation solutions used in combination with filing of the canal. Three Ca(OH)2 preparations were used: Calxyl, Pulpdent paste, and chemically pure Ca(OH)2 mixed with distilled water. Fifty-one single-rooted extracted human teeth were prepared with a step-back technique and divided into groups A, B, and C. In each group, 15 teeth were assigned to each Ca(OH)2 preparation while the remaining two served as positive and negative controls. Each group of treated teeth was divided into three subgroups of five teeth each: subgroup I--canals were irrigated with saline, filed with a #25 file, and finally flushed with saline; subgroup II--canals were irrigated with NaOCl, filed with a #25 file, and finally flushed with NaOCl; and subgroup III--canals were irrigated with NaOCl, filed with a #25 file, and finally flushed with tetrasodium EDTA. Canal sections were then photographed, and the percentage ratios of Ca(OH)2 coated area to the total canal surface area were calculated by image processing analysis. Results revealed: (a) none of the methods efficiently removed all dressing from the walls, and (b) concentration of the paste used had little effect on the efficacy of the methods applied for the removal of the dressing. Excipients (i.e. methylcellulose contained in Pulpdent) possibly effect retention of Ca(OH)2.