PubMed · 6995258
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J Horbar. 1980. Persistent ventriculitis.. https://doi.org/10.1080/21548331.1980.11946587
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We encountered an 8 year old boy who suffered from Stevens-Johnson syndrome with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. He had multiple erythema with vesicles in oral mucosa, and on his palms and feet, trunk and genital regions. We treated him with prednisolone (1 mg/kg per day) and antibiotics. His skin lesions improved dramatically, and a persistent fever and toxic general condition also showed dramatic improvement. Although the use of corticosteroids for Stevens-Johnson syndrome has recently been controversial, we thought that administration of corticosteroids was an effective treatment for some selective cases of Stevens-Johnson syndrome. The patient reported in this study had many beneficial effects in response to corticosteroid treatment.
Although there are reports that the addition of a beta-lactamase inhibitor to ampicillin or amoxicillin greatly improves their in vitro activity against M. tuberculosis, there are no written reports about the antituberculosis effects of beta-lactamase inhibitors in combination with cephalosporins against M. tuberculosis. In this report, we have determined the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 5 cephalosporins with or without combination with beta-lactamase inhibitor against M. tuberculosis strains isolated from patients before antituberculosis treatment and checked the production of beta-lactamase by bacteria before this procedure. Four strains of M. tuberculosis were contaminated during the experiment, and all the other 16 strains hydrolyzed the nitrocefin disc, thus indicating a beta-lactamase producer. The MICs of cephalosporins alone against M. tuberculosis were 200-400 micrograms/ml for ceforanide, 100-400 micrograms/ml for cephapirin, 400-1600 micrograms/ml for cefamandole, 200-1600 micrograms/ml for cefotaxime, and 800-1600 micrograms/ml for ceftriaxone. After adding the equimolar concentrations of sulbactam, the MICs were reduced to 100-200 micrograms/ml for ceforanide, 12.5-100 micrograms/ml for cephapirin, 100-400 micrograms/ml for cefamandole, 25-200 micrograms/ml for cefotaxime, and 100-800 micrograms/ml for ceftriaxone. We concluded that sulbactam enhanced the antituberculosis effect of cephalosporins.
Synergistic enhancement of the in vitro antimicrobial activity of imipenem combined with cephalosporins against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been reported. In order to investigate which cephalosporin is more effective in enhancing the activity of imipenem against MRSA, the in vitro antimicrobial activities of imipenem, cefazolin, cephalothin, cefotiam, cefamandole and cefoperazone, alone and in combination, against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and MRSA were assessed. Using the checkerboard Mueller-Hinton agar dilution method, strong synergy was found in 97% to 100% of MRSA strains for imipenem and all tested cephalosporins except cefoperazone; fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) indices were < or = 0.5. Among the cephalosporins studied, cefamandole most markedly increased the activity of imipenem against MRSA, followed, in order of decreasing effect, by cefotiam, cephalothin, cefazolin, and cefoperazone. The synergistic effect of imipenem combined with cefamandole or cefotiam was confirmed using the broth dilution method with 2% of NaCl.