PubMed · 7024833
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J Le Beau. 1980. [Clovis Vincent].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7024833/
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The Mediterranean population of tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV-ES) is characterized by a high genetic uniformity, distinguishing it from its Asian counterparts. ToLCNDV-ES is thought to have a monophyletic origin, likely resulting from a single recombination event, prior to its spread throughout the Mediterranean region. Following its first detection in southeastern France in 2020, ToLCNDV-ES re-emerged in France in 2022. Our analysis based on advanced long-read sequencing, circular DNA profiling, and phylogeny indicates both local persistence of French ToLCNDV-ES and multiple independent introduction events. Signatures of positive selection were identified in French ToLCNDV-ES populations, whereas no clear evidence of recombination was found. Bayesian time-structured phylogenetic analyses suggest that introductions in France occurred between 2018 and 2021 from the major ToLCNDV-ES clade, while several Italian ToLCNDV-ES isolates diverged prior to the virus introduction in the Mediterranean basin. Overall, this study demonstrates the value of an optimized long-read sequencing approach for resolving circular DNA virus diversity, and sheds light on the complex evolutionary history of ToLCNDV-ES in the Mediterranean Basin, particularly in southeastern France.
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Tuberculosis control must be organized by establishing programmes that are then implemented rigorously. The aim is to eradicate tuberculosis by applying a set of treatment procedures. These include, in particular, the detection of infectious cases in symptomatic patients who present to health services and their rapid treatment with chemotherapy, which makes them non-infectious and ensures their full recovery. An essential part of the programme is the information system, which enables treatment results to be evaluated and the efficacy of the treatment to be monitored. The model of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (IUATLD) for low income countries has proved to be effective, and has been recognized as one of the most efficient health interventions. The eradication of tuberculosis is possible: tuberculosis has a slow endemic cycle and tuberculosis can be reduced faster than drug resistance can emerge. In addition, all the tools required for tuberculosis control are already available and HIV infection is not yet widespread in several of the countries where tuberculosis is prevalent. Nevertheless, there is an urgent need for the rigorous and standardized application of the methods we have developed.