PubMed · 7308529
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F M LaForce. 1981. Campylobacter enteritis.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7308529/
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Therapy for acute ischemic stroke can be approached in two basic ways: first, by an attempt to restore or improve blood flow in an occluded vascular territory and, second, via therapy directed at the cellular and metabolic targets. As local anoxia and energy failure are the initiating cellular stage in ischemia, the inhalation of oxygen at increased atmospheric pressures might be effective. Treatment of acute focal cerebral ischemia with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) has been reported in animals and humans. In general, the results of research in animals have suggested a promising role for the use of HBO. More than 400 cases of human ischemic stroke treated with HBO have been reported. In about half of the cases, improvement in status has been claimed on clinical or electroencephalographic grounds. In fact, the effectiveness of HBO in most disease processes other than carbon monoxide poisoning and decompression sickness is a subject of major ongoing debate. This short review will attempt: (1) to recall some early experiments involving HBO in the treatment of acute ischemia: (2) to point out some conflicting results regarding the role of HBO on cellular and metabolic disorders; and (3) to determine the possibility of a future role for HBO therapy in acute ischemic stroke.
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Five fixed doses of the atypical antipsychotic "Seroquel" (quetiapine) were evaluated to delineate a dose-response relationship, as measured by changes from baseline in Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Clinical Global Impression (CGI), and Modified Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) summary scores, and to compare efficacy and tolerability opposite placebo and haloperidol. Three hundred sixty-one patients from 26 North American centers entered this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with acute exacerbation of chronic schizophrenia (DSM-III-R). Patients who completed a single-blind, placebo washout phase were randomized to double-blind treatment with quetiapine (75, 150, 300, 600, or 750 mg daily), haloperidol (12 mg daily), or placebo and evaluated weekly for 6 weeks. At end point, significant differences (p < 0.05, analysis of covariance) in adjusted mean changes from baseline were identified between the four highest doses of quetiapine and placebo for BPRS total, BPRS positive-symptom cluster, and CGI Severity of Illness item scores and between quetiapine 300 mg and placebo for SANS summary score. Differences between quetiapine and haloperidol were not significant. Dose-response modeling showed significant linear and quadratic functions of quetiapine dose for all primary efficacy variables. Notably, no significant safety concerns were identified as dose increased. Quetiapine was no different from placebo across the dose range studied regarding incidence of extrapyramidal symptoms or change in prolactin concentrations. Quetiapine is well tolerated and clinically effective in the treatment of schizophrenia. It is both superior to placebo and comparable to haloperidol in reducing positive symptoms at doses ranging from 150 to 750 mg/day and in reducing negative symptoms at a dose of 300 mg/day.