PubMed · 7367605
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J Kisslo. 1980. Two-dimensional echocardiography.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7367605/
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The purpose of this study was to given an introduction to the radiological evaluation of deglutition. The symptoms leading to videofluoroscopic investigation of swallowing are explained. The examination has to be tailored to the patient's symptoms. Each film scene depicts a characteristic patient position, a particular kind of contrast material and a certain amount. A systematic approach to analyze video films of deglutition and knowledge of the normal and abnormal swallowing functions are mandatory.
This paper explains the differential diagnosis of neurological dysphagia. Special groups of diseases are described that can only be assessed by dynamic recording modalities like videofluoroscopy and high-speed cineradiography. The need for dynamic recording results from the physiological data of deglutition. The act of deglutition lasts only 0.7 s, but requires the well-coordinated action of 5 cranial nerves and 26 muscle groups. For a systematic analysis of the underlying neurological disease a precise description of possible pathological single observations from the oral cavity to the cardia is offered to the radiologist. Important hints concerning possible "pitfalls" due to non-neurologically caused pharyngoesophageal motility disturbances are given. Although dynamic recording does not always allow the precise diagnosis of the underlying neurological disease, it enables us to classify the motor disturbances and leads to distinct "groups of disease." Thus, dynamic recording of deglutition is of crucial importance for further conservative or functional surgical treatment of the dysphagic patient.
Twenty-five cases of epiglottoplasty after total laryngectomy were summarized. Only 4 cases presented aspiration for a short period of time. The X-ray films were taken using a cinematograph X-ray unit and a telecontrol X-ray unit. The results demonstrated that in non aspirator cases and 1 healthy man, the tongue and the larynx (or reconstructive new larynx) coordinated closely and there was better glossolaryngeal close-knit degree, but in aspirator cases there was no coordination between them. The study proved that the deglutition a coordinative motion of hyoid muscles, laryngeal muscles and the nerves supplying them. So it is important that the hyoid bone, its superior muscles and pharyngeal constrictors should be preserved during the operation.