PubMed · 7375513
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J Enstrom, J Davies. 1980. Lapboard modification to help support a flaccid upper extremity.. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj%2F60.6.795
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A new method for the detection and quantification of extremity tremor is described, based on video image processing. A single CCD camera recorded the movement of the extremity. A passive marker in the shape of a black annulus was placed on the forearm and the movement of the annulus analysed. The framestore digitised the video signal at a sample rate of 10 Hz. The time period of the movement analysis was delta t = 6.4 s. A total of 32 adults with alcoholism and 22 controls participated in this study. The movement of the extremity was recorded during the usual neurological test (sitting posture, feet together, upper extremities directly in front of subject) for both extremities. In this study, it was assumed that the probability density function f(d) of some variable D is characteristic of the tremor. This function is formed by a finite mixture of bivariate continuous distributions. The results suggest that f(d) characterises patients with alcoholism and distinguishes them from control subjects with only physiological tremor. The results demonstrate the capacity of the measuring system based on video imaging to quantifying motor impairments in clinical neurology.
A technique is described for acquiring phosphocreatine (PCr) images of skeletal muscle using a rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement (RARE) pulse sequence. All of the phosphorus metabolites other than PCr are forced to dephase within the first few echoes, whereas the Carr-Purcell Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) pulse sequence maintains a high PCr signal long enough to acquire 64 echoes in a single shot. Axial PCr images of a human forearm with a signal-to-noise ratio of 9 were acquired in 2 min. The effect of the refocusing pulse section profile on the ratio of desired to undesired metabolite signal is demonstrated.
Sixty paired cadaver upper extremities were dissected to study the anatomy of the flexor pollicis longus in the forearm and its relation to the median and anterior interosseous nerves. An accessory head was noted in 33 (55%) of 60 specimens. The accessory head was noted to pass anterior to the anterior interosseous nerve in all specimens. The accessory head was noted to pass posterior to the median nerve in 57 specimens, and anterior to the nerve in three. Tendon or muscle anomalies were noted in eight specimens (13%), seven of which involved an anomalous attachment between the FPL and the flexor digitorum profundus of the index.