PubMed · 739972
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1978. Feline anesthesia.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/739972/
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Cardiopulmonary and behavioral effects of the following tranquilizer-opioid drug combinations were compared in conscious dogs: acepromazine (0.22 mg/kg of body weight, IV) and butorphanol (0.22 mg/kg, IV); acepromazine (0.22 mg/kg, IM) and butorphanol (0.22 mg/kg, IM); and acepromazine (0.22 mg/kg, IV) and oxymorphone (0.22 mg/kg, IV). Marked sedation and lateral recumbency that required minimal or no restraint was achieved with every drug combination. Analgesia was significantly better in dogs receiving oxymorphone than in dogs receiving butorphanol, as evaluated by response to toe pinch. There were no significant differences between the effects of the 3 drug combinations on heart rate, respiratory rate, arterial blood pressure, body temperature, and arterial pH, PCO2, PO2, and bicarbonate concentration. Heart rate, respiratory rate, and systolic arterial pressure decreased significantly over time with all drug combinations. Total recovery time (minutes from the initial injection to standing) was significantly longer in the dogs given acepromazine and oxymorphone.
The effect of acepromazine maleate, xylazine and thiopentone on the packed cell volume, plasma protein content, factor VIII activity and von Willebrand factor antigen concentration of blood was studied in normal dogs. The same variables were measured in dogs with haemophilia A given acepromazine maleate and thiopentone. Both the packed cell volume and plasma protein content decreased after the administration of either acepromazine maleate or xylazine. Values were not changed further after administration of thiopentone. Changes in the haemostatic variables measured were generally small. Consequently, blood samples collected from dogs under the influence of premedicant doses of acepromazine maleate or xylazine, and when subsequently anaesthetised with thiopentone, are adequate for the assay of factor VIII activity and von Willebrand factor antigen concentration for establishing an animal's haemophilia A and von Willebrand's disease status.
Plasma creatine kinase activity increased significantly (P less than 0.001) in rabbits sampled every two hours for 12 hours (mean from 509 to 2242 U/l), but did not change when rabbits had been accustomed to laboratory handling procedures for two weeks. This increase was not alleviated or only moderately by pretreatment with acepromazine (per os, 2.5 mg.kg-1), carazolol (intravenously, 0.05 mg.kg-1) or dantrolene (intravenously, 1.0 mg.kg-1). Thus, when using plasma creatine kinase in rabbits, e.g. to test muscle damage or local tolerance of drugs, animals should be made familiar with laboratory procedures before any experiment.