PubMed · 7625693
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F Jacob. 1995-06-30. Circuits.. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb24829.x
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The Mediterranean population of tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV-ES) is characterized by a high genetic uniformity, distinguishing it from its Asian counterparts. ToLCNDV-ES is thought to have a monophyletic origin, likely resulting from a single recombination event, prior to its spread throughout the Mediterranean region. Following its first detection in southeastern France in 2020, ToLCNDV-ES re-emerged in France in 2022. Our analysis based on advanced long-read sequencing, circular DNA profiling, and phylogeny indicates both local persistence of French ToLCNDV-ES and multiple independent introduction events. Signatures of positive selection were identified in French ToLCNDV-ES populations, whereas no clear evidence of recombination was found. Bayesian time-structured phylogenetic analyses suggest that introductions in France occurred between 2018 and 2021 from the major ToLCNDV-ES clade, while several Italian ToLCNDV-ES isolates diverged prior to the virus introduction in the Mediterranean basin. Overall, this study demonstrates the value of an optimized long-read sequencing approach for resolving circular DNA virus diversity, and sheds light on the complex evolutionary history of ToLCNDV-ES in the Mediterranean Basin, particularly in southeastern France.
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Cutaneous disease is the most common health problem found in the homeless, in out patient clinics as well as in hospitals. They are related to life style characteristics. Fungal, bacterial infections, scabies and pediculosis are mainly observed. Other frequently observed skin diseases are caused by physical violence and trauma, drug abuse and nutritional deficiency In addition to limited access to health care, homeless patients tend to neglect their skin until problems become serious and disabling. The patient's condition will worsen without hospitalisation.