Triangulation: measurement issues and solution exploration.

Abstract

Nurses deal with complex phenomena that require multiple perspectives to reflect the richness of these complexities. Triangulation is proposed as a methodological strategy for nursing research that allows one to take into account the complexity of the human experience. The purpose of this article is to describe the four basic types of triangulation and to explore issues and problems arising from the use of triangulation that threaten reliability and validity of a study. Solutions posed in the literature for dealing with reliability and validity threats associated with the use of triangulation are examined.