PubMed · 7872117
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M Seker, D J Pallot, J O Habeck, A Abramovici. 1994. Postmortem changes in the human carotid body.. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2572-1_64
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BACKGROUND: The pathomechanism of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) has not been clarified yet. The high rate of early progenitor cells in carotid body has been reported as a pathognomic feature for SIDS. AIM AND STUDY DESIGN: The morphometric analysis was done by NIKON Eclipse microscope with a morphometric program Lucia G. SUBJECTS: This study was designed to investigate the structure and developmental state of carotid body in SIDS and non-SIDS cases. A comparison was made between the rates of dark and early progenitor cells. OUTCOME MEASURES: The Kruskal-Wallis test showed a significantly higher number of progenitor cells in the SIDS group than in controls (p=0.0003). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In this study on Hungarian SIDS cases we confirmed the observation that infants who died suddenly have an underdeveloped carotid body.
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The electrical properties of chemoreceptor afferent nerve fibers and glomus cells and the behavior of cytosolic Ca(2+) in glomus cells are reviewed. While this has not been confirmed, spontaneously depolarizing potentials (SDPs) recorded in a chemoreceptor afferent terminal may be the postsynaptic expression of presynaptic events. Glomus cells, which are presynaptic elements, either depolarized or hyperpolarized in response to natural and chemical stimulation. After-hyperpolarization following an initial depolarization and after-depolarization following an initial hyperpolarization were often seen. When a glomus cell depolarizes, voltage noise increases despite a decrease in input resistance in both intact and denervated carotid bodies. The voltage noise may be "receptor noise" generated in the glomus cell itself. The electrical properties of glomus cells change in the denervated carotid body, which suggests that the chemoreceptor afferent nerve exerts some trophic effect(s) on glomus cells. Hypoxia either increases or decreases cytosolic Ca(2+), while ACh or NaCN induces either an increase or no change in cytosolic Ca(2+) in glomus cells. There are at least two possible explanations for voltage changes in glomus cells: a chemical stimulus first depolarizes the glomus cell and induces Ca(2+) influx to release chemical substances, or a chemical stimulus induces an increase in [Ca(2+)](i) and then hyperpolarizes the glomus cell via potassium influx.