PubMed · 7963499
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A C Shore, J E Tooke. 1994. Microvascular function in human essential hypertension.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7963499/
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An experimental system has been developed to verify the possibility of detecting flow activity using a technique called ultrasound Doppler vector tomography. A tomography algorithm is used to reconstruct blood flow vector fields using data from computer-controlled ultrasound continuous-wave Doppler scanning equipment. The result is a picture in which the brightness variations represent the reconstructed values of the curl of the velocity field (inverted delta x v). Continuous ultrasound is transmitted into a region with flow activity and the Doppler-shifted signals are received. To obtain measurement data suited for fan beam tomography, the scanning is performed in a plane from points encircling the region. Reconstructions have been achieved using measurement data from two different flow phantoms. A comparison between the experimental results and simulations shows good conformity.
Since the circulatory and pulmonary systems are both driven by pressure and share space in the thorax, it is inevitable that they interact. These mechanical interactions, whilst relatively few in number, are protean in their manifestations. The circulatory system of the critically ill is often particularly susceptible to interference from respiration. Compensatory reserve is limited, ventilatory effort increased, and many critical care respiratory interventions place strain on the circulation, not seen in health. This review will examine the basic physiological mechanisms through which the pulmonary and circulatory systems interact. These mechanisms will then be applied to a variety of weaning, positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), and cardiopulmonary resuscitation techniques. It is hoped that this will provide the tools to understand clinical observations which would otherwise appear inexplicable.