PubMed · 8009719
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M Sprehn. 1994-05-02. [Knee joint arthroscopy--a rough "double-selection"].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8009719/
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We report a rare case of recurrent atraumatic posterior-inferior dislocation of the shoulder in an eight year old girl. After closed reduction of the locked dislocation and conservative treatment three further dislocations occurred. Because of the recurrence of locked dislocations and functional impairment arthroscopy including partial synovectomy was performed. Postoperative rehabilitation included the use of a brace in handshake position for six weeks and strengthening exercises. Within a clinical followup of 24 months the shoulder remained stable without loss of function but atraumatic posterior-inferior dislocation of the contralateral shoulder occured. The bilateral involvement indicates a predisposing factor, predominantly gross capsular laxity, of this rare form of instability.
Treatment principles of osteochondral lesions of the talus usually consist of debridement of the chondral part and methods that attempt to stimulate revascularization of the necrotic bony part of the lesion. The latter is mostly achieved through multiple drilling of the subchondral zone. Dorsomedial talar dome lesions are frequently inaccessible with antegrade drilling techniques. In addition, if the cartilage surface over the bony lesion is still intact, it can be injured by antegrade drilling. To overcome these potential problems, retrograde drilling techniques have been developed using drill guides or intraoperative fluoroscopy. Our proposed method of computer-assisted retrograde drilling is an advancement of these techniques. The use of 3D navigation provides the possibility for placing a guide wire exactly in the center of the lesion defined on preoperative MRI or CT scans. This guide wire can then be overreamed with cannulated reamers followed by retrograde bone grafting of the lesion or allows multiple retrograde drilling of the subchondral plate using a parallel drill guide. We found that computer-assisted retrograde drilling could improve precision, avoid misplacement of guide wires, and reduce the time of surgery and intraoperative fluoroscopy.
We reviewed the literature on patient management following arthroscopic meniscal surgery. A critical appraisal of the literature produced 8 randomized controlled trials evaluating the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or various forms of physiotherapy and pain control. Different treatments and outcome measures precluded meta-analysis. The limited evidence suggests that this is a relatively pain-free procedure with rapid recovery, and that in most cases simple analgesia in the first 1-2 days following surgery and a well-planned home-based exercise program should be sufficient. It is possible that routine daily non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs post-operatively for 3-6 weeks may enhance recovery rates. One study found that physiotherapy was beneficial for regaining muscle strength and on pain assessment but this did not translate into functional improvement. Descriptive studies are required to ascertain the types and duration of treatments being offered to patients after arthroscopic meniscectomy. Further research is needed to perform well-designed studies of current treatments that take into account predisposing factors and their impact on outcome, including use of prerandomization and real-life functional outcome measures.