PubMed Health⌕ Search
Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 8054655

[Nurses' ethical development].

I Kiikkala
View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

The ethical development of a nurse by choices on different levels is discussed in this article. The article is based on the descriptions of 17 nurses. The first important is the choice of a profession. The ethically positive or negative experiences received as a nurse student make their effect on the second choice. The third one occurs on the level where a professional nurse makes his/her own decisions in which it could be necessary to work against the traditional working models. The fourth choice reinforces the former one on situations where the nurse in a goal-directed way enhances his/her readiness to work by fulfilling the values of nursing. In this process independence, courage and expert knowledge are emphasized.

Explore related subjects

Choice BehaviorClinical CompetenceEthics, NursingHumansMoralsPersonality DevelopmentSocial ValuesEnglish AbstractJournal Article

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

I Kiikkala. 1994. [Nurses' ethical development].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8054655/

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed1996

When pharmaceutical manufacturers' employees present grand rounds, what do residents remember?

PURPOSE: To evaluate the educational effect on residents of a grand rounds given by a pharmaceutical company employee. METHOD: Using a retrospective cohort study design, the authors questioned 75 housestaff at a university hospital three months after a February 1990 grand rounds on Lyme disease to determine whether the residents' beliefs about the drug of choice for this disease differed between attendees and non-attendees. Odds ratios, 95% confidence intervals, and logistic regression were used for the analysis of results. RESULTS: The 22 housestaff who had attended the grand rounds were more likely to choose appropriately the cephalosporin manufactured by the speaker's company over other drugs for patients with Lyme disease presenting with second-degree heart block (adjusted odds ratio of 8.4; 95% CI 2.1-38.9). However, they also chose it inappropriately for first-degree heart block (adjusted odds ratio of 7.8; 95% CI 1.6-45.5). None of the attendees, compared with 11 (21%) of the non-attendees, named an oral antibiotic for both of two milder presentations, even though oral therapy would be more appropriate (p = .027). CONCLUSION: The results suggest that grand rounds effectively change residents' beliefs, but a sponsoring company's drug may be favored. Information assimilated in this way may not be well supported by the scientific literature and could result in a choice of treatment that is more expensive than other acceptable treatments.

Choice Behavior↗
PubMed1996

Individual choice in spending accounts. Can we rely on employees to choose well?

Flexible spending accounts (FSA) represent a current health care financing tool that may become an important component of incremental health care reform. Because FSAs require employees to make financial contributions based on anticipated health care needs, contribution decisions are likely to be subject to many of the errors made in other insurance decisions. The authors analyzed the benefits selections, benefits forms completion, and FSA contribution levels of approximately 9,500 employees of the University of Pennsylvania from 1987 to 1992. Default and repeat choice trends characterize the completion of benefits forms and the reselection of health insurance options by employees. Despite the economic benefits of contributing to an FSA, only 14% of employees contributed in any one year and 73% never made a contribution. Multivariate models of these contributions fail to demonstrate the importance of what ought to be relevant influences in contribution decisions (for example, age, income, family status, or underlying health insurance). Whereas most FSA decisions are characterized by default contributions of $0, employees who contribute in one year are most likely to contribute exactly the same amount the next year, even when other circumstances change. The pervasiveness of these patterns raises concerns that health care reform plans that rely on financial incentives at the consumer level--for example, proposed medical saving accounts--will be inefficient.

Choice Behavior↗