[Cell therapy and its risks].

Abstract

Parenteral administration of fresh cells, frozen cells (snapfrozen cell suspensions) or lyophilized cells (sicca cells), is known as cellular or cell therapy. While the German Health Office (BGA) provisionally banned the use of dried cell preparations in 1987, injection of fresh cells is still allowed. There have been repeated reports of life-threatening, and even fatal, complications of this type of therapy. Since it involves the administration of heterologous biological material, most of the complications that have been observed have been of the allergic/hyperergic type resembling experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) and experimental allergic neuritis (EAN). When evaluating the risks of this form of alternative-medical treatment, the well-known risks of injection therapy must also be borne in mind. In the case of cell therapy, too, the hoped for effect must be weighed against the risks of the procedure, and our guiding principle must be: nil nocere.