PubMed · 8126952
The source did not provide an abstract. Follow the original record for more information.
Explore connections, maps & timelines
C Mattice. 1994. Screening for postconcussion syndrome.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8126952/
Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.
KEEP EXPLORING
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Controversy exists among sports dentists as to whether or not a 'custom made' mouthguard is more effective in reducing the incidence of cerebral concussion than the boil-and-bite 'non-custom made' mouthguard. While members on each side remain steadfast in their opinion, not a single epidemiological study has been conducted to investigate the effect of type of mouthguard worn on the incidence of cerebral concussion. The aim of this study was to determine if there was a difference between the type of mouthguard worn and the incidence of cerebral concussions among National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I-A football players. During the 15-week 2001 college football season, trainers entered, via an interactive web site, weekly data for each game and practice sessions for the preceding week. Eighty-seven (76%) out of a possible 114 Division I teams participated. A total of 506 297 athletic exposures were recorded; 369 brain concussions were reported. The incidence of cerebral concussions per 1000 exposures was 0.73. Utilizing a risk ratio with a 95% confidence interval, no statistical difference occurred in the incidence of cerebral concussions between football players wearing custom made versus non-custom made mouthguards (0.990,1.750). In this study, there was no advantage of wearing a custom made mouthguard over a boil-and-bite mouthguard to reduce the risk of cerebral concussion in football players.
OBJECTIVE: A 6-year study was performed to determine the circumstances, causes, and outcomes of concussions in the National Football League. METHODS: Between 1996 and 2001, the epidemiological features of concussions were recorded by National Football League teams with a standardized reporting form. Symptoms were reported and grouped as general symptoms, cranial nerve symptoms, memory or cognitive problems, somatic complaints, and loss of consciousness. The medical actions taken were recorded. In total, 787 game-related cases were reported, with information on the players involved, type of helmet impact, symptoms, medical actions, and days lost. Concussion risks were calculated according to player game positions. RESULTS: There were 0.41 concussions per National Football League game. The relative risk was highest for quarterbacks (1.62 concussions/100 game-positions), followed by wide receivers (1.23 concussions/100 game-positions), tight ends (0.94 concussion/100 game-positions), and defensive secondaries (0.93 concussion/100 game-positions). The majority of concussions (67.7%) involved impact by another player's helmet. The remainder involved impact by other body regions of the striking player (20.9%) or ground contact (11.4%). The three most common symptoms of mild traumatic brain injury were headaches (55.0%), dizziness (41.8%), and blurred vision (16.3%). The most common signs noted in physical examinations were problems with immediate recall (25.5%), retrograde amnesia (18.0%), and information-processing problems (17.5%). In 58 of the reported cases (9.3%), the players lost consciousness; 19 players (2.4%) were hospitalized. A total of 92% of concussed players returned to practice in less than 7 days, but that value decreased to 69% with unconsciousness. CONCLUSION: The professional football players most vulnerable to concussions are quarterbacks, wide receivers, and defensive secondaries. Concussions involved 2.74 symptoms/injury, and players were generally removed from the game. More than one-half of the players returned to play within 1 day, and symptoms resolved in a short time in the vast majority of cases.