PubMed · 822132
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N Miani, A Caniglia, V Panetta. 1976. A brain-specific protein with affinity for DNA.. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1976.tb01556.x
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Amino acid (AA) profiles from body fluids such as blood and urine are clinical indicators for diagnosing metabolic and hepatic diseases. Current quantitative methods, such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) with isotopically labelled internal standards (ISs), are costly and technically demanding. This study proposes a cost-efficient alternative using structural isomers as ISs in a direct liquid infusion (DLI) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) approach. The method leverages chimeric spectra and fragment intensity ratios to quantify AAs, demonstrating high linearity and precision even with a 3D ion trap mass analyser. This approach offers a viable strategy for AA quantification in preventive medicine, particularly for screening metabolic diseases such as phenylketonuria, diabetes, and liver dysfunction.
It has previously been shown that disruptions of fiber connections between the temporal cortex (TC) and the lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC) in rats result in severely impaired retention of a simultaneous brightness discrimination task. This memory impairment is accompanied by reduced high affinity D-aspartate uptake in both TC and LEC. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether systemic administration of glutamergic agonists might ameliorate the mnemonic dysfunction seen to follow TC/LEC transections. The results from Experiment 1 show that agonists acting selectively at the NMDA receptors (NMDA and glycine) or the quisqualate receptors (AMPA) produced complete amelioration of the memory deficit. Injection of kainic acid only produced a slight improvement of memory. The results from Experiment 2 show that the positive effects of agonists are probably not attributable to peripheral adrenergic mechanisms, because blockade of sympathetic terminal release did not prevent mitigating effect of glycine. The results are discussed in terms of possible central nervous mechanisms interfered with by the various agonists.
Cornified envelopes and apoptotic bodies are transglutaminase-cross-linked end-products of physiological cell death pathways. The two structures have similar amino acid composition. Involucrin has been considered as a cornified envelope precursor protein expressed specifically in terminally differentiating keratinocytes and squamous epithelia. We report the presence in hepatocytes of an involucrin-like protein which could be purified from dog liver with procedures characteristic to involucrins. When compared to purified dog esophagus involucrin, the liver protein also reacts with anti-involucrin antibodies, has the same relative molecular mass, possesses similar amino acid composition, and shows almost identical peptide mapping pattern. The involucrin-like protein is detectable by immunohistochemistry in normal and apoptotic hepatocytes, is a substrate of tissue transglutaminase, and is incorporated into cross-linked apoptotic bodies. These results suggest that there are overlapping molecular components in the two characteristic forms (cornification and apoptosis) of naturally occurring cell death.