PubMed · 8303559
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M C Mazué. [Gloves].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8303559/
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There are a wide variety of latex examination gloves now available for use by health care providers. A prospective randomized trial was completed to quantify the forces required to don a sample of seven cornstarch-lubricated gloves and 13 powder-free latex examination gloves. The data collected was analyzed by a 20 x 2 general factorial ANOVA, as well as two 1-way ANOVAs using a least significance difference post hoc test. Some powder-free gloves can be easily donned with dry or wet hands without tearing with forces comparable to those encountered with powdered gloves. With the advent of these powder-free examination gloves, powdered gloves can now be abandoned, protecting health professionals and patients from the dangers of absorbable dusting powders. Despite the dangers of the absorbable dusting powders and the Food and Drug Administration's requirement for labeling examination glove boxes, some manufacturers of powdered examination gloves do not appropriately label their boxes with a warning to the health professional and patient of the presence of powder.
Special gloves (commonly referred to as anti-vibration gloves) have been offered for many years as personal protection against hand-arm vibration generated, for example, by powered hand tools. An internationally agreed means of quantifying the vibration-reducing performance of such gloves was not available until the publication of International Standard ISO 10819, 1996. The evaluation of the Standard reported here has led to the conclusion that the test could be improved to give more information to the potential glove user about how the glove might perform. Investigations of the main factors which can influence the results of glove transmissibility tests have formed the basis for a proposal to develop the Standard. The proposed alternative test measures the performance of a glove in octave bands and the resultant data can be used to estimate the potential that the glove has to protect against any given vibration source. Examples of the application of the proposed alternative test for selection of anti-vibration gloves matched to particular vibration sources (powered hand tools) are given. The advantages and disadvantages of the two test methods are discussed. The evaluation of the Standard and proposals for its development are under discussion with members of the committee which developed ISO 10819, 1996.
ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) Method F739-96 specifies a test-cell design and procedures for measuring the permeation resistance of chemical protective clothing. Among the specifications are open-loop collection stream flow rates of 0.050 to 0.150 L/min for a gaseous medium. At elevated temperatures the test must be maintained within 1 degree C of the set point. This article presents a critical analysis of the effect of the collection stream flow rate on the measured permeation rate and on the temperature uniformity within the test cell. Permeation tests were conducted on four polymeric glove materials with 44 solvents at 25 degrees C. Flow rates > 0.5 L/min were necessary to obtain accurate steady-state permeation rate (SSPR) values in 25 percent of the tests. At the lower flow rates the true SSPR typically was underestimated by a factor of two or less, but errors of up to 33-fold were observed. No clear relationship could be established between the need for a higher collection stream flow rate and either the vapor pressure or the permeation rate of the solvent, but test results suggest that poor mixing within the collection chamber was a contributing factor. Temperature gradients between the challenge and collection chambers and between the bottom and the top of the collection chamber increased with the water-bath temperature and the collection stream flow rate. Use of a test cell modified to permit deeper submersion reduced the gradients to < or = 0.5 degrees C. It is recommended that all SSPR measurements include verification of the adequacy of the collection stream flow rate. For testing at nonambient temperatures, the modified test cell described here could be used to ensure temperature uniformity throughout the cell.