PubMed HealthSearch

PubMed · 8334884

A Macintosh BASIC program for fitting linear additive models to data by weighted least squares methods, with automatic elimination of redundant parameters from the model.

Abstract

A BASIC program for fitting linear additive models to data with weighted or unweighted least squares methods and matrix procedures is described. Written and compiled to run on Macintosh II type machines (68020/68030/68040) with coprocessor (68881/68882), the program fits the model supplied by the user as an X or design matrix and provides the option of making the model's parameters orthogonal. Predicted values plus regression and residual terms are calculated. For the weighted fit, the significance of the residual term is evaluated and redundant parameters sequentially and automatically removed until a minimum adequate model is achieved. An appropriate design matrix allows weighted fitting of models for multiway analyses of variance (e.g. factorial, nested and split plot), simple or multiple linear or curvilinear regression, combinations of these in covariance analyses, and genetic analyses (including diallel cross analyses). Sums of squares for individual parameters and orthogonal comparisons can be calculated by the program.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

H Tyson. 1993. A Macintosh BASIC program for fitting linear additive models to data by weighted least squares methods, with automatic elimination of redundant parameters from the model.. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-2607(93)90034-i

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

Baseline length and automated fitting of denaturation data.

To understand relationships between protein sequence and stability, we often compare data from proteins that differ by the substitution of one amino acid. Frequently, an amino acid change causes the cooperative denaturation transitions to shift to lower temperatures, diminishing the signal from the native state. Here we show that apparent stability changes, i.e., the free energy of denaturation, deltaGD, can also be caused by a deficiency of points in the low temperature end of the transition. In addition, we suggest a method for overcoming this problem.

Least-Squares Analysis

Extended hazard regression model for reliability and survival analysis.

We propose an extended hazard regression model which allows the spread parameter to be dependent on covariates. This allows a broad class of models which includes the most common hazard models, such as the proportional hazards model, the accelerated failure time model and a proportional hazards/accelerated failure time hybrid model with constant spread parameter. Simulations based on sub-classes of this model suggest that maximum likelihood performs well even when only small or moderate-size data sets are available and the censoring pattern is heavy. The methodology provides a broad framework for analysis of reliability and survival data. Two numerical examples illustrate the results.

Least-Squares Analysis

Blocked field effects on collimator scatter factors.

In routine dosimetry we assume separability of the collimator (Sc) and phantom (Sp) scatter components that together comprise the total scatter factor (Sc,p). In practice, the addition of blocking also affects the photon fluence attributable to the treatment head and flattening filter in a complicated way. The reduced aperture blocks out some of the head scatter contribution, while the block and tray add back secondary scatter. In the following we present techniques for directly measuring the aperture effect on Sc in air or in a full-scatter phantom. The change in Sc is found to be a scaleable quantity that can be modelled as a simple linear fit to the ratio of projected open-to-blocked equivalent square fields. Measurements have been made for 6, 18 and 24 MV photon beams on one Varian 2500 and two Varian 2100c accelerators. Results indicate a progressive loss of collimator scatter contribution with increased field blocking that is amplified with increasing energy. Block and tray scatter only contribute significantly to Sc for large fields and treatment distances of 80 cm or less. Application of these corrections in monitor unit calculations is presented.

Least-Squares Analysis