PubMed · 8369529
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S Nishi. 1993. [HIV testing with the informed consent].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8369529/
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BACKGROUND: HIV testing, with appropriate counseling, can help prevent the spread of HIV infection. This study is the first national survey in Italy that examines factors associated with serotesting among Italian heterosexuals and is part of a European Concerted Action. METHODS: In 1998, a cross-sectional telephone survey was conducted on a random sample (n = 2,603) of the Italian population ages 18-49 years. Associations between HIV testing and risky sexual behaviors (multiple sexual partners in the past 5 years, intercourse with prostitutes, not always using condoms with a new sexual partner) and sociodemographic variables are examined separately for men and women using multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: The prevalence of having ever been tested for HIV, whether voluntarily or not, among heterosexual men and women is 27.0 and 32.8%, respectively. Voluntary testing is reported by 8.4% of heterosexual men and 6.1% of heterosexual women. Multivariate analysis shows that having multiple sexual partners significantly increases the odds of testing (Men: OR = 2.10; 95% CI: 1.3-3.4. Women: OR = 3.03; 95% CI: 1.7-5.4). Multiple logistic regression, controlling for risky behavior, shows also that persons ages 30-39 years have significantly higher probability of being tested than younger subjects (Men: OR = 3.30; 95% CI: 1.4-7.9. Women: OR = 2.61; 95% CI:1.1-6.4). Better educated women tend to have a higher probability of testing, but this increase is not significant at the 5% level. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of voluntary serotesting in Italy is lower than in other countries. Risky sexual behavior is associated with higher odds of testing; however, a high proportion of at-risk heterosexuals never sought testing. Particular attention should be dedicated to younger persons and to less educated women.
Our study aimed at studying HIV-infected women's experience with sharing serostatus with their partner and their group support. A survey was carried out among 79 seropositive women involved in a therapeutic trial in Bobo-Dioulasso, following freely consented prenatal HIV testing. The study revealed that women are reluctant to inform their partners and fear being stigmatized by relatives and friends. The major concern reported was health consequences and most women wished to receive care. The non-governmental organizations supporting people living with HIV were not known by these women, but providing this information raised a high interest and many women considered joining them soon and getting themselves involved. These community-based organizations, lead by qualified and highly motivated volunteers, could facilitate a better social integration of HIV infected women in Burkina Faso.
Within the Kaiser Permanente system of Northern California, testing for HIV during prenatal vis its was encouraged. During a 5-year period the percentage of women agreeing to HIV testing increased from 50% to 76%. Eighty-three HIV-positive pregnancies occurred in 63 women. Only 17 (20%) of the 83 pregnancies were identified by the voluntary testing program.