PubMed · 8460787
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D A Breslin. 1993. Problems with a new spray.. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1993.tb06890.x
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The persistence of the effect of ivermectin and abamectin against gastrointestinal nematodes and lungworm in cattle was evaluated in two trials, each involving 28 animals. Groups of seven cattle either remained untreated, or were treated topically with ivermectin at 500 micrograms/kg bodyweight or subcutaneously with either ivermectin or abamectin at 200 micrograms/kg bodyweight. Starting on the day of treatment the cattle were given daily trickle infections with various infective nematode larvae for two weeks (Haemonchus species, Trichostrongylus axei and Cooperia species), three weeks (Ostertagia ostertagi and Oesophagostomum radiatum) and four weeks (Dictyocaulus viviparus). The cattle were killed 49 to 51 days after treatment and their worm burdens measured. An efficacy of > 99 per cent was recorded in all the groups demonstrating that the products controlled Haemonchus species, T axei, C oncophora, C punctata and C surnabada for at least two weeks, O ostertagi and O radiatum for at least three weeks and D viviparus for at least four weeks.
Immune regulation of contact sensitivity to the poison ivy/oak catechol was studied at the level of class II MHC-restricted T cell recognition of hapten:peptide conjugates. In this study we have shown that 1) T cells from C3H/HeN (H-2k) mice, immunized with a synthetic I-Ak binding peptide coupled to 3-pentadecyl-catechol (PDC; a representative catechol in urushiol), recognized peptides derived from syngeneic cells linked to the same catechol; 2) T cells from draining lymph nodes of C3H/HeN mice skin-painted with PDC proliferated in response to a peptide carrier:PDC conjugate only when it was linked at the 7th, but not the 4th or the 10th, position on the peptide carrier; and 3) tolerization studies confirmed down-regulation of PDC-induced delayed-type hypersensitivity following treatment with a single I-Ak binding peptide carrying PDC covalently bound to a lysine residue at the middle (7th) TCR contact position. Tolerization with peptide:PDC conjugate resulted in abrogation of hapten-specific T cell proliferative responses that correlated with diminished IL-2 secretion. On the basis of these data we propose that it may be sufficient to couple the hapten at a single, well-chosen position on a carrier peptide to target a relevant population of T cells involved in contact sensitivity.
AIM: To examine the subjective efficacy of proprietary agents for aphthous stomatitis. DESIGN: A simple open study. SETTING: Hospital out-patients in the UK in 1993. SUBJECTS: 50 consecutive patients with aphthae. OUTCOME: Patients assessed agent efficacy as very effective, possibly effective or not effective at relieving symptoms. RESULTS: 38 of 54 available agents were used. Difflam Oral Rinse (benzydamine hydrochloride) appeared to give most control of pain. Overall, Corsodyl mouthwash (chlorhexidine gluconate) gave most beneficial effect. CONCLUSIONS: Difflam and Corsodyl appear to give some symptomatic relief to aphthous victims.