[AIDS virus].

H Ushijima; A Shibuya

Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 8461164

[AIDS virus].

H Ushijima·A Shibuya

View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

A Japanese child case of subacute progressive encephalopathy was presented. Not only the pathological findings of HIV growth in microglias, astrocytes and macrophages in the central nervous system, but also the pathobiological findings of neuronal apoptosis were shown as etiologies of HIV encephalopathy. Epidemiology, diagnosis, prophylaxis, fetomaternal transmission and embryopathy were discussed briefly.

Explore related subjects

AIDS Dementia Complex Animals Apoptosis Brain Child, Preschool Humans Male Rats Case Reports English Abstract Journal Article

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeX RIS

H Ushijima, A Shibuya. 1993. [AIDS virus].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8461164/

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2005

[Human immunodeficiency virus-associated tuberculous meningoencephalitis causing abnormal behaviour in a prisoner].

Little is known about the type and frequency of psycho-organic syndromes among prisoners. We report the case of a 20-year-old African HIV-I-positive male asylum seeker who developed increasingly bizarre behaviour in prison. The observation of complex behavioural disturbances with a hallucinatory-delusional state led to the diagnosis of delirium caused by AIDS-defining tuberculous meningoencephalitis. The patient improved with specific, symptomatic treatment. This case illustrates the difficulties in diagnosis when communication is impeded. Scrupulous differential diagnosis is necessary for all prisoners manifesting behavioural disturbances. We discuss the pathogenesis and diagnostic procedures of tuberculous meningoencephalitis.

AIDS Dementia Complex↗

PubMed2004

HIV in central nervous system and behavioral development: an HIV-2287 macaque model of AIDS.

OBJECTIVE: To determine which route of inoculation produced consistent and frequent HIV infection in the central nervous system (CNS) and alterations in cognitive and motor development in infant macaques. METHODS: Infant macaques (Macaca nemestrina) were inoculated with the highly pathogenic strain HIV-2287 intravenously (n = 3) or intrathecally (n = 3). Uninfected infants were evaluated as controls. Disease progression was evaluated by virological assessment of blood and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF), CD4 T cell count in blood, and quinolinic acid levels in CSF (a surrogate marker of neuronal cell damage). The effect of HIV infection on cognitive and motor development in infants was monitored during the 6-month study. RESULTS: Either route of HIV-2287 inoculation produced detectable viral RNA in CSF and productive infection in blood. Detection of virus in CSF paralleled a rise in quinolinic acid levels. All HIV-infected infants experienced a severe and rapid decline in CD4 T cell counts by 10 weeks after viral infection. HIV-infected infants, particularly those infected by the intravenous route, exhibited delays in reaching cognitive and motor milestones, which paralleled neuropathological changes. CONCLUSIONS: The HIV-2287 infant model produced a high incidence of viral infection in the CNS regardless of the route of inoculation. Significant alteration in neurobehavioral development was observed in HIV-infected infants, and this measure was significantly impaired particularly in infants infected by the intravenous route. These data, coupled with the ability to detect viral RNA and changes in quinolinic acid levels in CSF, may allow quantitative evaluation of drug and immune candidates for treating neurological effects of AIDS.

AIDS Dementia Complex↗

PubMed2004

No gender differences in the progression of nervous system disease in HIV infection.

The past decade has seen a marked increase in the number of HIV-infected women in the United States. There has been recent concern that HIV disease in general may progress more rapidly in women than men, and some studies, primarily retrospective reviews, have suggested higher rates of neurologic disease among females. The objective of this study was to assess gender differences in HIV-related central and peripheral nervous system disease over time. Participants were enrolled in a longitudinal cohort study at the University of North Carolina and had annual follow-up evaluations. At baseline, 42 HIV-negative females, 52 HIV-positive females, and 52 HIV-positive males were compared for age, education, mode of infection, absolute CD4 cell count, and plasma/cerebrospinal fluid HIV RNA load. Subjects were evaluated by standardized clinical neurologic, neuropsychological, and laboratory examinations every year. The results indicated that both HIV-positive males and HIV-positive females had poorer neurologic functioning than the control group. However, there was no evidence from the parameters measured that the rate of decline differed between HIV-positive males and HIV-positive females.

AIDS Dementia Complex↗