PubMed · 8650310
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T Sekiya. 1996. [Principles of PCR-based technologies].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8650310/
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Although progress in clinical and basic research has significantly increased our understanding of breast cancer, little is known about the molecular mechanism underlying breast cancer metastasis. Identification of effective therapeutic targets to prevent breast cancer metastasis is urgently needed. The function of miR-503-3p has been investigated in other cancers, but its role in breast cancer remains undefined. Here, we found that miR-503-3p was overexpressed in breast cancer tissue and plasma compared with adjacent normal breast tissue and with plasma from healthy individuals. Moreover, we identified miR-503-3p to be an oncogene of breast cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Upregulation of miR-503-3p in breast cancer cells inhibited expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related protein SMAD2 and the epithelial marker protein E-cadherin by directly binding to their mRNA 3' untranslated region, whereas increased expression of mesenchymal marker proteins, including vimentin and N-cadherin. Taken together, our findings support a critical role for miR-503-3p in induction of breast cancer EMT and suggest that plasma miR-503-3p may be a useful diagnostic biomarker for breast cancer.
Through exhaustive two-hybrid screens using a budding yeast genomic library, and starting with the splicing factor and DEAH-box RNA helicase Prp22p as bait, we identified yeast Prp45p and Prp46p. We show that as well as interacting in two-hybrid screens, Prp45p and Prp46p interact with each other in vitro. We demonstrate that Prp45p and Prp46p are spliceosome associated throughout the splicing process and both are essential for pre-mRNA splicing. Under nonsplicing conditions they also associate in coprecipitation assays with low levels of the U2, U5, and U6 snRNAs that may indicate their presence in endogenous activated spliceosomes or in a postsplicing snRNP complex.
Progression of astrocytes from a benign to a malignant phenotype is accompanied by a change in the RNA processing of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR-1) gene. The level of a high affinity form of the FGFR-1 is dramatically elevated as a result of alpha-exon skipping during RNA splicing. In this paper we have been able to duplicate this tumor-specific RNA processing pathway by transfection of a chimeric minigene containing a 4-kilobase fragment of the human FGFR-1 gene (including the alpha-exon) into a variety of cell lines. In a transfected human astrocytoma cell line, alpha-exon skipping was consistently observed for RNA transcripts derived from both the chimeric minigene and endogenous gene expression. This exon skipping phenotype was dependent on the size of the flanking intron as deletions which reduced the introns to less than approximately 350 base pairs resulted in enhanced alpha-exon inclusion. Increased exon inclusion was not sequence-specific as exon skipping could be restored with insertion of nonspecific sequence. Cell-specific exon recognition was maintained with a 375-nucleotide sequence inclusive and flanking the alpha-exon, provided that intron size was maintained. These results identify the minimal cis-regulatory sequence requirements for exclusion of FGFR-1 alpha-exon in astrocytomas.