PubMed Health⌕ Search
Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 8738087

Balò's concentric sclerosis: MRI.

C J Chen·L S Ro·L J Wang·Y C Wong
View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

We report a case of Balò's concentric sclerosis. In the past, the diagnosis was usually made post mortem. In this case, we found that CT demonstrated only low-density lesions, but not their concentric pattern. However, MRI showed a striking feature, reminiscent of histopathology of Balò's concentric sclerosis, and played an important role in antemortem diagnosis of this rare demyelinating disease.

Explore related subjects

Basal GangliaCerebral VentriclesDiffuse Cerebral Sclerosis of SchilderDominance, CerebralHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMedulla OblongataMiddle AgedMyelin SheathNeurologic ExaminationSensitivity and SpecificityTomography, X-Ray ComputedCase ReportsJournal Article

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

C J Chen, L S Ro, L J Wang, Y C Wong. 1996. Balò's concentric sclerosis: MRI.. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00596578

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2006

Effect of high-dose methyl-prednisolone on brainstem encephalopathy and basal ganglia impairment complicating cat scratch disease.

Cat scratch disease (CSD) is a zoonotic illness caused by the Gram negative bacillus Bartonella henselae characterized by a small skin lesion at the site of a bite, lick or scratch by a cat, commonly followed by regional lymphadenopathy 1 or 2 weeks later. We report herein on severe neurological complications of CSD combining brainstem encephalopathy and basal ganglia impairment. This 12-year-old female acutely presented to a local hospital with profound coma and a prolonged tonic posturing of extremities. On the neurological examination she was deeply comatose with pin-point pupils and lack of vestibulo-ocular responses, suggestive of brainstem encephalopathy, along with marked rigid hypertonicity suggestive also of basal ganglia impairment. Initially suspecting Herpes simplex encephalitis or acute disseminated encephalomyelitis she was promptly started with high-dose methyl-prednisolone and acyclovir. Her parents apparently reported that she was scratched by a kitten some 4 weeks prior to her present admission and as such, suspecting CSD, she was begun with doxycycline and rifampicin. Her serology had proven positive for IgM antibodies to Bartonella henselae establishing the diagnosis. She regained consciousness after 4 days and the signs of brainstem and extra-pyramidal impairment also gradually abated and disappeared after 10 days. A follow-up exam after a month disclosed mild extra-pyramidal abnormalities which disappeared after 3 months. Although extremely rare, CSD should be also considered in a patient presenting with a severe encephalopathy and associated basal ganglia impairment. The prompt administration of high-dose methyl-prednisolone upon admission may have contributed to the favorable outcome in our patient and therefore should be advocated in any patient presenting with profound encephalopathy regardless the underlying etiology recovered later.

Basal Ganglia↗
PubMed2006

Left size distortion (hyperschematia) after right brain damage.

OBJECTIVE: To quantitate a size distortion involving the side of space contralateral to the lesion (contralesional) in two right-brain-damaged patients. METHODS: We studied two right-brain-damaged patients with lesions sparing the occipital lobe and a mild left neglect on target cancellation or line bisection. The lesions involved the temporoparietal region (Patient 1) and the basal ganglia and the insula (Patients 1 and 2). Patients were given drawing tasks and tasks requiring perceptual and visuomotor judgments of horizontal extent. RESULTS: In drawing objects such as a daisy both from memory and by copying, patients exhibited a disproportionate enlargement of the left-hand side of objects and added more left-sided petals to the drawn daisy. This pathologic behavior persisted when the patients were blindfolded and was likely to reflect a perceptual, rather than premotor, size distortion. In a task requiring the perceptual matching of two rectangles, patients underestimated the left-sided stimulus. In a visuomotor task requiring the reproduction of the horizontal extent of a segment, patients exhibited a hyperextension, when a leftward movement was required. CONCLUSIONS: We showed a disordered representation of extrapersonal space, possibly involving a contralesional relaxation of the spatial medium. The deficit does not arise at the level of retinotopic coordinate frames and is independent of unilateral spatial neglect.

Basal Ganglia↗
PubMed2006

A three-dimensional, histological and deformable atlas of the human basal ganglia. I. Atlas construction based on immunohistochemical and MRI data.

This paper describes the construction of an atlas of the human basal ganglia. The successive steps of the construction were as follows. First a postmortem specimen was subjected to a MRI acquisition prior to extraction of the brain from the skull. The brain was then cryosectioned (70 microm thickness). One section out of ten (80 sections) was Nissl-stained with cresyl violet, another series of 80 sections was immunostained for the calcium binding protein calbindin. Contours of basal ganglia nuclei including their calbindin-stained functional subdivisions, fiber bundles and ventricles (n=80 structures) were traced from histological sections and digitized. A novelty of this atlas is the MRI acquisition, which represents the core data element of the study. MRI was used for the coregistration of the atlas data and permitted, through multimodal (Nissl, calbindin, images of cryosectioning, T1 and T2 MRI) and 3D optimization, the production of anatomically and geometrically consistent 3D surfaces, which can be sliced through any desired orientation. The atlas MRI is also used for its deformation to provide accurate conformation to the MRI of living patients, thus adding information at the histological level to the patient's MRI volume. This latter aspect will be presented in a forthcoming paper.

Basal Ganglia↗