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CD8+ lymphocyte decrease in HIV disease: association with anti-CD4+ but not with anti-CD8+ lymphocyte autoantibodies.

V Daniel·C Süsal·R Weimer·S Zipperle·M Kröpelin·R Zimmermann·A Huth-Kühne·I Gerhard·H Maier·G Opelz
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Abstract

HIV+ patients form autoantibodies against CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes. It was shown that anti-CD4+ lymphocyte autoantibodies are associated with the depletion of CD4+ cells. In the present study we analyzed the relationship of anti-CD4+ and anti-CD8+ autoantibodies with the CD8+ lymphocyte decrease commonly observed during HIV disease. IgM and IgG antibodies as well as complement fragments were determined on the surface of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes using double fluorescence flow cytometry. Anti-CD8+ lymphocyte autoantibodies were found more often in HIV + hemophilia patients (75/105 = 71%) than HIV- hemophilia patients (13/37 = 35%; p < 0.0001), patients with pharyngeal carcinoma (20/44 = 45%; P = 0.002), habitual abortions (3/13 = 23%; p = 0.0009) or healthy individuals (93-223 = 42%; p < 0.0001). Anti-CD8+ antibodies, mostly of the IgM type, occurred significantly more frequently than anti-CD4+ antibodies in healthy controls (p < 0.0001), patients with pharyngeal carcinoma (p = 0.0001), or HIV- patients (p = 0.01). In HIV+ patients, however, anti-CD4+ autoantibodies were found more often than anti-CD8+ antibodies (85 vs 71%; p = 0.02). 70 of 104 (67%) HIV+ patients had autoantibodies on both CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes and the IgG/IgM/C3d autoantibody pattern was identical in 31 (44%) of the patients. Interestingly, peripheral blood CD8+ cell counts were significantly associated with anti-CD4+ (p = 0.01) but not with anti-CD8+ lymphocyte autoantibodies. It is hypothesized that the inhibition and depletion of CD4+ cells by anti-CD4+ autoantibodies is associated with a loss of regulatory functions that leads to a depletion of antiviral cytotoxic CD8+ lymphocytes.

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AutoantibodiesCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesComplement C3dHIV Envelope Protein gp120HIV SeropositivityHemophilia AHumansImmunoglobulin GImmunoglobulin MLymphocyte CountJournal Article

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V Daniel, C Süsal, R Weimer, S Zipperle, M Kröpelin, R Zimmermann, A Huth-Kühne, I Gerhard, H Maier, G Opelz. 1996. CD8+ lymphocyte decrease in HIV disease: association with anti-CD4+ but not with anti-CD8+ lymphocyte autoantibodies.. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1423-0410.1996.tb01298.x

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