PubMed · 9110593
The source did not provide an abstract. Follow the original record for more information.
Explore connections, maps & timelines
P Pothisiri, H Kongchuntuk. 1996. Codex Alimentarius.. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.1996.tb03836.x
Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.
KEEP EXPLORING
The stomach tube was first used to administer food and medication or to remove poisonous substances. Later, it served to aspirate the stomachs of patients with gastric retention. Chemical analysis of stomach contents after a meal was first suggested in 1871 and quickly became an important laboratory procedure as various test-meal stimuli and more flexible tubes were developed. Quantitative estimations of free and total acidity were made by titration with 0.01 mol/L sodium hydroxide and specific indicators. Pentagastrin has supplanted secretagogues such as histamine and betazole; meal stimulation, tubeless tests, and other tests of gastric secretion are no longer used clinically. Tests of gastric acid secretion have been used in the diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal lesions and to help select the type of surgical procedure for gastric and duodenal ulcers, but the tests have decreased in importance because of their limited diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. Today, fiberoptic endoscopy is replacing gastric analysis as well as radiologic examination.
In previous studies the distribution of particles sizes of chewed food has been described by an empirical function. However, at the beginning of the chewing process, when many unbroken food particles are still present in the mixture, this function failed to give a good description. In the present study, formulae were derived to characterize the distribution of chewed food particles by size as a function of the number of chewing cycles. The reduction of food particle sizes was considered to be the composite result of a selection and a breakage process. Both processes were described by simple functions. The probability density Pn + 1(x) of finding a particle of size x after n + 1 chewing cycles was computed from Pn(x) by selecting a proportion of particles of size y from Pn to be converted to particles of size x < y by a breakage function. Measures of central tendency--average, median and most probable size--were obtained as a function of the number of chewing cycles. The measures of central tendency characterize the degree of food comminution during the chewing process and so can be used to quantify chewing performance. The comminution of food is described in terms of the selection and breakage functions in a convenient, efficient, analytic way, valid for all phases of the chewing process.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.