PubMed · 9134064
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D B Golden. Practical considerations in venom immunotherapy.. https://doi.org/10.2500/108854197778605518
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The molecular basis of the inactivation of bee venom PLA2 by the marine natural product bolinaquinone (BLQ) was studied by several spectral techniques (CD, fluorescence, and NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry), biomimetic reactions, and molecular modeling. Our data suggest competitive inhibition based on a BLQ-PLA2 noncovalent molecular recognition. However, BLQ is also able to react selectively with Lys133 through conjugate addition followed by a beta elimination. The biological implications of both the covalent and noncovalent molecular events are discussed.
Despite effective conventional therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS), many people with MS explore complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies for their symptoms. Common CAM therapies that people use include dietary modification, nutritional and herbal supplementation, and mind-body therapies. There is a revival of interest among MS researchers about the therapeutic potential of low-fat diet and essential fatty acid supplementation in MS. The efficacy of specific vitamin supplementation remains unclear. Recently, cannabis and yoga have been studied in more controlled studies and have provided evidence that they may have some benefit. The research on CAM therapies in MS is still exploratory, but considering peoples' interest and common use of these therapies, further research in this area is clearly warranted.
Venom immunotherapy (VIT) is proven to be curative for insect allergy, but the mechanisms and the biomarkers associated with clinical efficacy remain elusive. We report herein the discovery of a leading candidate biomarker, osteopontin (OPN), for VIT. From cDNA microarray and clustering analyses, an increased expression of OPN was found in patients who completed 5-6 years of VIT and discontinued therapy for 3-6 years as compared with the untreated group. A significantly higher level of serum OPN was found in the completed treatment group as compared with the untreated group. Following VIT, kinetically increased levels of OPN associated with reduced venom specific IgE levels were noted in subjects with large local allergic reactions to venom. These findings together with the fact that OPN is involved in Th1-associated immune response strongly suggest a role of OPN as a functional biomarker for VIT.