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Dopamine, the prefrontal cortex and schizophrenia.

Abstract

Dysfunction of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in schizophrenia has been suspected based on observations from clinical, neuropsychological and neuroimaging studies. Since the PFC receives a dense dopaminergic innervation, abnormalities of the mesocortical dopamine system have been proposed to contribute to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. In this review, aspects of the anatomy, physiology and pharmacology of the mesencephalic-frontal cortical dopamine system as they may relate to schizophrenia are described, and evidence for altered dopaminergic neurotransmission in the frontal cortex of schizophrenic patients is presented.

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BibTeXRIS

M B Knable, D R Weinberger. 1997. Dopamine, the prefrontal cortex and schizophrenia.. https://doi.org/10.1177/026988119701100205

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PURPOSE: Pharmacology of atypical antipsychotics and the clinical implications are reviewed. SUMMARY: Psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, are often associated with poor outcomes. Atypical antipsychotics have become the standard of care for these disorders, and multiple agents have demonstrated efficacy for both acute and maintenance therapy. As a result of their differential pharmacologic properties, atypical antipsychotics have diverse clinical profiles, resulting in different liabilities for specific adverse events. These effects can, in turn, have an adverse impact on patient functionality, adherence to therapy, and overall health. CONCLUSION: Atypical antipsychotics have distinct pharmacological profiles which result in clinically meaningful differences in adverse effects. Clinicians should have a wide choice of agents available with which to optimize outcomes in the majority of patients with psychiatric disorders.

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