Optimizing lipid levels through diet.

Abstract

Medical nutrition therapy, consisting of a diet low in saturated fat, has an important role in reducing risks for cardiovascular disease and hyperlipidemia. Dietary factors that have a negative effect on blood lipid levels include dietary cholesterol, saturated fat, and trans fatty acids, whereas unsaturated fats, omega-3 fatty acids, and soluble fiber may help lower blood lipid levels. A two-step approach to medical nutrition therapy can help health professionals counsel people with high lipid levels to change their food choices and eating behaviors to lower their risk of heart disease. This approach involves teaching the patient how to substitute lower-fat foods, read labels, control portions, and use healthier cooking techniques. Medical nutrition therapy needs to be individualized to help lower the risk of heart disease.