PubMed · 9451137
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M Boston. 1997. Acne: avoiding permanent damage.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9451137/
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Acne is a common problem in adolescents and young adults. The disorder is caused by abnormal desquamation of follicular epithelium that results in obstruction of the pilosebaceous canal. This obstruction leads to the formation of comedones, which can become inflamed because of overgrowth of Propionibacterium acnes. Topical retinoids such as tretinoin or adapalene are effective in many patients with comedonal acne. Patients with inflammatory lesions benefit from treatment with benzoyl peroxide, azelaic acid or topical antibiotics. Frequently, the use of comedonal and antibacterial agents is required.
Successful management of acne requires careful patient evaluation followed by consideration of several patient and medication factors when selecting a particular therapeutic regimen. Within the last few years, several new agents for the treatment of acne have become available that afford greater flexibility in the treatment of this prevalent dermatologic disorder. These include adapalene, tazarotene, 2 new topical tretinoin formulations, azelaic acid, a new sodium sulfacetamide formulation, and an oral contraceptive recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of acne. After a brief overview of the pathophysiology of acne and existing therapies, this review evaluates the new antiacne agents and how they can be integrated into a successful treatment strategy that takes into account acne severity and predominant lesion type as well as age, skin type, lifestyle, motivation, and the presence of coexisting conditions.
The goal of this article is to highlight recent developments in the treatment of acne and rosacea. An update on the use of isotretinoin, minocycline, topical retinoids, and hormones in the treatment of acne are presented. Highlights of research findings that may lead to future acne therapies are discussed. New in the management of rosacea are studies demonstrating the efficacy of 1% topical metronidazole in the treatment of rosacea, reports on the successful maintenance of remissions of rosacea with 0.75% metronidazole gel, and data regarding the controversial association of rosacea with Helicobacter pylori infection.