PubMed · 9464088
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M F Uria, S M Lopes. [Computerized nursing process. Fundamentals, potentials, limitations].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9464088/
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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Little is known about the potential role of environmental factors in the handicap creation process following a stroke. The objective of this study was to explore the presence of a relationship between environmental factors and the occurrence of handicap following a stroke, taking into consideration age and the level of impairments and disabilities. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study where data were collected 6 months after discharge from an intensive functional rehabilitation unit. A convenience sample of 51 participants was recruited at the time of their admission to the rehabilitation unit for rehabilitation post-stroke. Perceived influence of environmental factors was measured using the Measure of the Quality of the Environment (MQE). Handicap situations were measured with the Assessment of Life Habits (LIFE-H). Impairments and disabilities comprised six domains (cognition, perception. depression, communication, sensorimotor function and comorbidity) assessed using a variety of measuring tools from which a composite score was derived. RESULTS: Fifty-one participants aged 40-97 years old took part in this study. Perceived obstacles in the environment, together with age and the level of impairments and disabilities, explained 58.9% of the variation in the LIFE-H (handicap level). Taken alone, the perceived obstacles (total score) explained 6.2%. The perceived facilitators (total score) in the environment were not found to be related to the presence of handicap situations. CONCLUSION: Increased level of impairments and disabilities. advanced age and perceived barriers in the physical and social environment contribute to the handicap creation process following a stroke.
PURPOSE: To examine the techniques used for the treatment of contracture in the context of current scientific knowledge of muscle. METHOD: Synthesis of data available from MEDLINE, RECAL, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library and relevant texts. RESULTS: The development of contractures through immobilisation, muscle weakness and spasticity is described. The effects of passive stretching, continuous passive movement, serial plastering, splinting, electrical stimulation, botulinum injections and surgical tenotomies in the treatment of contractures in persons with neurological and orthopaedic conditions are identified. The strengths and weaknesses of these modalities are discussed. CONCLUSION: Predisposing factors persist after treatment of contractures thus for treatment to be effective long-term management programmes need to be developed. New treatment techniques, used in series or combined, offer the prospect of improved management of contracture. Scientific and clinical research is needed to investigate the effect of contracture treatment.
PURPOSE: Although much research has been performed on the effects of vibration on nerves, muscles and vascular structures, little is known of the effects that vibration exposure to handheld tools can give on the ability to perform activities of daily living. The objective of the present study was to analyse the consequences of vibration exposure on performance of daily activities. METHOD: In a total group of 105 exposed male workers, a standardized self-administered ADL questionnaire, the EDAQ including 102 activity items plus 22 diagnosis-specific activity items, was filled out. RESULTS: Forty-four workers (42%) expressed one or more difficulties in performing daily activities in the total study group. The data demonstrated that pain and reduced grip force showed a strong correlation with difficulties in performing daily activities. CONCLUSION: Working in a cold environment, using vibrating machines. handwriting, picking up small objects, opening lids, lifting and carrying were activities perceived as most difficult to accomplish.