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PubMed · 9486367

[Extensive rodent ulcer (type: solid basal cell carcinoma)].

J Wehner-Caroli·H Breuninger·M Eckhardt-Keller·G Rassner
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Abstract

A 52 year old female had a large destructive basal cell carcinoma of the back measuring 27 cm in diameter. There was destruction of the vertebral bodies, envelopment of the medullary cone, early spinal compression and soft tissue spread into the retroperitoneum. Early neurological defects were present. The tumor was excised, covered with two large rotation flaps and post operatively irradiated. The patients quality of life has improved, the tumor has not progressed and there is no sign of paraplegia.

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Basal Cell CarcinomaFemaleHumansMiddle AgedSkin NeoplasmsSkin UlcerSpinal Cord CompressionSurgical FlapsCase ReportsEnglish AbstractJournal Article

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J Wehner-Caroli, H Breuninger, M Eckhardt-Keller, G Rassner. 1997. [Extensive rodent ulcer (type: solid basal cell carcinoma)].. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001050050688

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A frequent activated smoothened mutation in sporadic basal cell carcinomas.

Basal-cell carcinomas (BCCs) are the most common cancer in Caucasians. It has been reported that the patched gene is inactivated in 30-40% sporadic BCCs and 20% sporadic medulloblastomas via loss of heterozygosity and nonsense mutations. Recently, two activating smoothened mutations have been found in the sporadic basal cell carcinomas. One, at base pair 1604 (G-to-T transversion) of exon 9, changes codon 535 from tryptophan to leucine, and the other, at base pair 1685 (G-to-A transition) of exon 10, changes codon 562 from arginine to glutamine (Xie et al., 1998). In our study, 1604G-->T was found in 20 out of 97 (20.6%) sporadic BCCs. The high prevalence indicates that 1604G is the mutation hot spot in our tumor samples. This mutation was detected in all three histological subtypes of BCCs, suggesting that smoothened mutation is an early event during the development of the tumor. Our finding of a high smoothened mutation rate, together with high frequent patched gene mutations reported recently, indicates that activation of the hedgehog signal transduction pathway is the most common and early event in the development of sporadic BCCs. Additionally, to determine whether smoothened, like patched, is also involved in the carcinogenesis of medulloblastomas, we screened medulloblastoma samples for these two mutations by restriction analysis. We have found the 1604G-->T mutation in 1 out of 21 medulloblastomas. This result confirmed smoothened gene involvement in the carcinogenesis of medulloblastoma.

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