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Cognitive processing efficiency in schizophrenia: generalized vs domain specific deficits.

J Schatz
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Abstract

The issue of generalized vs specific cognitive deficits in schizophrenia was explored by examining reaction time data from 40 published studies with 196 reaction time conditions. Using a regression-based approach, the proportional relationship between the response times of groups with schizophrenia was compared with those of age-matched, healthy comparison groups. Through this method, the extent to which deficits in processing efficiency are explained by a single factor, general processing speed, was compared with possible domain specific or task specific deficits. The results suggest that, overall, the data conforms well to a general linear slowing model which accounts for 87% of the variance in reaction time performance. Some additional variance, however, is accounted for by different degrees of linear slowing for three types of tasks: tasks involving selective attention/inhibition showed the most slowing (2.3-times slower for schizophrenia), followed by lexical tasks (1.8-times slower for schizophrenia), and finally, non-lexical tasks showed the least slowing (1.4-times slower for schizophrenia). This pattern is distinct from other groups showing generalized slowing, such as older adults, and suggests a unique pattern of information processing deficits in schizophrenia.

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AdultCognition DisordersHumansReaction TimeSchizophreniaComparative StudyJournal ArticleMeta-Analysis

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J Schatz. 1998-02-27. Cognitive processing efficiency in schizophrenia: generalized vs domain specific deficits.. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0920-9964(97)00125-4

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