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PubMed · 9611771

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta).

D A Clark·R Coker
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Abstract

The TGF-beta family of cytokines are ubiquitous, multifunctional and essential to survival. They play important roles in growth and development, inflammation and repair and host immunity. The mammalian TGF-beta isoforms (TGF-beta 1, beta 2 and beta 3) are secreted as latent precursors and have multiple cell surface receptors of which at least two mediate signal transduction. Autocrine and paracrine effects of TGF-beta's can be modified by extracellular matrix, neighbouring cells and other cytokines. The vital role of the TGF-beta family is illustrated by the fact that approximately 50% of TGF-beta 1 gene knockout mice die in utero and the remainder succumb to uncontrolled inflammation after birth. TGF-beta 2 and TGF-beta 3 gene knockout mice are not yet described. More recently, novel TGF-beta-like molecules have been described which share some of the properties of the mammalian TGF-beta isoforms. The role of TGF-beta in homeostatic and pathogenic processes suggests numerous applications in the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases characterised by inflammation and fibrosis.

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AnimalsEmbryonic and Fetal DevelopmentFemaleGrowthHumansImmunityInflammationMiceMice, KnockoutPregnancyRecombinant ProteinsSignal TransductionTransforming Growth Factor betaJournal ArticleReview

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BibTeXRIS

D A Clark, R Coker. 1998. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta).. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1357-2725(97)00128-3

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