PubMed Health⌕ Search

PubMed · 9621921

GRASE imaging at 3 Tesla with template interactive phase-encoding.

Abstract

A new method for ordering the phase-encoding gradient is proposed, and an application for short effective TE gradient- and spin-echo (GRASE) imaging is demonstrated. The proposed method calculates the phase-encoding order from the signal decay of a template scan (hence "template interactive phase-encoding" or TIPE). Computer simulations are used to compare the point spread functions of different phase-encoding orders giving short effective echo times (kb centric GRASE, centric GRASE, centric TIPE). The conventional centric phase-encoding order is also considered for GRASE. The conventional centric method is sensitive to both amplitude and phase modulation of the signal in k-space. The centric TIPE method gives the least amplitude modulation artifacts but is vulnerable to phase artifacts. The TIPE experiment was implemented on a 3 Tesla system. To the best of our knowledge, we present the first in vivo GRASE images at this field strength.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

J Jovicich, D G Norris. 1998. GRASE imaging at 3 Tesla with template interactive phase-encoding.. https://doi.org/10.1002/mrm.1910390615

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

Striping artifact removal in VisiumHD data through nuclear counts modeling.

MOTIVATION: 10x Genomics VisiumHD enables spatial transcriptomics at 2 µm × 2 µm resolution but exhibits slide-specific, non-periodic striping artifacts due to lane-width variability. These multiplicative row/column effects distort bin total counts and can bias downstream analyses. The state-of-the-art destriping approach is the normalization procedure used as a preprocessing step in bin2cell; it applies sequential high-quantile row- then column-wise normalization, which is asymmetric and can introduce edge effects/macro-stripes and distortions of large-scale total-count structure. RESULTS: We propose a statistical destriping approach that leverages nuclei segmentation from the co-registered H&E image. Assuming transcript abundance is constant within each nucleus, we model bin counts with a negative binomial distribution whose mean is a product of a nucleus-specific concentration and row- and column-specific stripe-factors reflecting lane-width variation. We fit all parameters in a generalized linear modeling framework with cross-validated regularization on stripe-factors and iterative dispersion estimation, and use the fitted parameters to correct the observed counts into a destriped image. On synthetic data with known ground truth, our method improves stripe-factor estimation accuracy and reduces error in corrected counts relative to bin2cell and bin2cell-derived baselines. Across four public VisiumHD slides, it consistently lowers striping intensity while substantially better preserving biological signal present in the large-scale global count structure and avoiding the artifacts introduced by other methods. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: All source code and links to publicly available data used for this study are available at https://github.com/paolamalsot/destriping-GLM.

Artifacts↗

Thermally induced entrance wound-like defect of the skull.

A case of death due to car fire is described where the carbonised skull of the cremated corpse showed an ovoid defect of the cranial bone. The question arose whether this formed fracture was caused by a gunshot. But the reconstruction of the cranial remains with detached parts of the tabula externa provided evidence that the suspicious defect was to be classified as an uncommon heat-induced post-mortem artefact.

Artifacts↗

Measurements of MTF and SNR(f) using a subtraction method in MRI.

A method was developed for accurate measurement of the modulation transfer function (MTF) and signal-to-noise ratio in the spatial frequency domain (SNR(f)) of magnetic resonance images (MRI). The MTF was calculated from the complex images of a line object which were obtained by the subtraction of two separately acquired data sets of a specially designed phantom with a sliding sheet. Moreover, the SNR(f) was calculated from the MTF and Wiener spectrum, both of which were determined using the same phantom configuration. The MTFs and SNR(f)s in the conventional spin-echo (SE) and turbo SE, in which the effective echo time was set to the first echo, were evaluated by changing the T2 of the phantom and the echo train length. The MTFs in the positive and negative frequencies indicated the effect of the k-space trajectory for each pulse sequence. SNR(f)s gave spatial frequency information that was not obtained with conventional methods. In this method, the influence of image nonuniformity and unwanted artefacts (edge and ghost) could be eliminated. An analysis of the MTF and the SNR in the spatial frequency domain provides additional information for the assessment of image quality in MRI.

Artifacts↗