PubMed · 980453
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U Ia Bogdanovich, D L Akberdina. 1976. [Reparative bone regeneration (certain unsolved problems)].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/980453/
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3D bioprinting has begun to show great promise in advancing the development of functional tissue/organ replacements. However, to realize the true potential of 3D bioprinted tissues for clinical use requires the fabrication of an interconnected and effective vascular network. Solving this challenge is critical, as human tissue relies on an adequate network of blood vessels to transport oxygen, nutrients, other chemicals, biological factors and waste, in and out of the tissue. Here, we have successfully designed and printed a series of novel 3D bone scaffolds with both bone formation supporting structures and highly interconnected 3D microvascular mimicking channels, for efficient and enhanced osteogenic bone regeneration as well as vascular cell growth. Using a chemical functionalization process, we have conjugated our samples with nano hydroxyapatite (nHA), for the creation of novel micro and nano featured devices for vascularized bone growth. We evaluated our scaffolds with mechanical testing, hydrodynamic measurements and in vitro human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion (4 h), proliferation (1, 3 and 5 d) and osteogenic differentiation (1, 2 and 3 weeks). These tests confirmed bone-like physical properties and vascular-like flow profiles, as well as demonstrated enhanced hMSC adhesion, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. Additional in vitro experiments with human umbilical vein endothelial cells also demonstrated improved vascular cell growth, migration and organization on micro-nano featured scaffolds.
Age, crowding, disease and root resorption all influence the decision to remove impacted teeth. While not every impacted tooth causes a significant problem, each has that potential.
A multitude of new procedures and materials are being tested for their ability to promote periodontal wound healing. This review provides an overview of the most well-accepted methods for evaluating periodontal wound healing procedures/materials. Topics discussed include appropriate patient selection, general principles in non-surgical and surgical therapy as they relate to wound healing trials, clinical soft and hard tissue measurements which are generally obtained, an overview of radiographic assessments, and a discussion of the methods and role of histological evaluations in clinical trials. The advantages and disadvantages of the various methodologies are presented. The review concludes with the potential endpoints which can be used in periodontal wound healing studies.