PubMed Health⌕ Search

PubMed · 9823130

Scanning electron microscope appearances of Lightspeed instruments used clinically: a pilot study.

Abstract

The cutting heads of the first 18 instruments in six sets of clinically used Lightspeed instruments (sizes 20-65) were examined in a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Three sets had been used by full-time faculty and discarded as follows: instrument sizes 20-32.5 after 18 treated root canals; instrument sizes 35-47.5 after 36 treated root canals; and instrument sizes 50-65 after 54 treated root canals. Three other sets had been used by a private clinician who discarded all Lightspeed instruments after preparing 20 root canals. The cutting heads of the 108 instruments were examined for the presence of surface debris, metal strips, metal flash, disrupted cutting edges, microfractures, tears, pitting and fretting and fatigue cracks. Fewer instruments ultrasonically cleaned before examination in the SEM had debris than those not cleaned before examination. The prevalence of metal strips and metal flash was similar for both groups. In contrast, microfractures and tears were more prevalent in instruments used by the full-time faculty group, who used their instruments more frequently before discarding them. Pitting and fretting occurred equally frequently in both groups whilst no fatigue cracks were noted in any of the 108 instruments. Overusage of Lightspeed instruments may predispose the flutes of the cutting heads to microfractures and clinicians should be aware of this possibility.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

M Marending, F Lutz, F Barbakow. 1998. Scanning electron microscope appearances of Lightspeed instruments used clinically: a pilot study.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9823130/

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

Electrochemical characterization of albumin protein on Ti-6AL-4V alloy immersed in a simulated plasma solution.

The effect of oxygen and albumin on the electrochemical behavior of a Ti-6Al-4V alloy immersed in a simulated inorganic plasma (SIP) solution was studied with a rotating-cylindrical electrode configuration to focus on the surface/electrolyte reactions. Potentiokinetic scans and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy have been used to characterize the interface by determining the passive current density and capacitance. For the polarization scans, an albumin addition of 37.7 mg/cm(3) to the SIP solution (oxygenated and unoxygenated) decreased the passive current density, indicating a lowering of the corrosive rate. The surface capacitance for the Ti-6Al-4V alloy immersed in a SIP solution averaged 13 microF/cm(2), which transformed after albumin addition (37.7 mg/cm(3)) from a potential independent behavior to the capacitance ranging from 23 to 6 microF/cm(2) with increasing potentials from -800 to 1500 mV(SCE), respectively, indicative of albumin adsorption. Within the same potential range and albumin addition to oxygenated solutions, the capacitances expanded slightly with a similar decreasing trend from 31 to 6 microF/cm(2), although the capacitance depicts an interaction between the hydrated passive film and the adsorbed albumin from -550 to 500 mV(SCE) in which the capacitance plateaued at 15 microF/cm(2). The hydrated porous oxide film results from the porous rutile layer reacting with H(2)O(2) formed as an intermediary component of oxygen reduction at the Ti-6Al-4V surface. The passive film-albumin interaction would affect the processing of titanium alloys in their surface preparation for biocompatibility, as well as determining the reactivity of titanium alloys to proteins.

Alloys↗

Fatigue-crack growth properties of thin-walled superelastic austenitic Nitinol tube for endovascular stents.

Over the past 10 years, the supereleastic nickel-titanium alloy Nitinol has found widespread application in the manufacture of small-scale biomedical devices, such as self-expanding endovascular stents. Although conventional stress/strain-life (S/N) analyses are invariably used as the primary method for design against fatigue loading and for predicting safe lifetimes, fracture mechanics-based methodologies provide a vital means of assessing the quantitative effect of defects on such lifetimes. Unfortunately, fracture mechanics studies on fatigue in Nitinol are scarce, and most results do not pertain to the (thin-walled tube) product forms that are typically used in the manufacture of endovascular stents. In the current work, we document the basic fatigue-crack growth properties of flattened thin-walled ( approximately 400 microm thick) Nitinol tubing in a 37 degrees C air environment. Crack-growth behavior is characterized over a wide range of growth rates ( approximately 6 orders of magnitude) and load ratios, that is, as a function of the alternating and maximum stress intensities, at 50 Hz. Limited experiments at both 5 and 50 Hz were also performed in 37 degrees C air and simulated body fluid to determine whether the cyclic frequency affects the fatigue behavior. Fatigue-crack growth-rate properties in such thin-walled Nitinol tube are found to be quite distinct from limited published data on other (mainly bulk) product forms of Nitinol, for example, bar and strip, both in terms of the relative fatigue thresholds and the variation in steady-state growth rates.

Alloys↗