PubMed Health⌕ Search
Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 990972

Anticholinergic premedication.

K M Leighton·H D Sanders
View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

Two hundred and forty-four surgical patients who received no anticholinergic premedication were compared with 160 patients who had received atropine or scopolamine before the induction of anaesthesia. Infants and patients undergoing heart surgery were excluded. Eleven anaesthetists participated in the study. They were asked to report problems with oropharyngeal and tracheobronchial secretions. Two per cent of unpremedicated patients experienced problems with secretions of a degree sufficient to require treatment. This small percentage appears insufficient to warrant routine preoperative anticholinergic medication.

Explore related subjects

AtropineBronchiFemaleHumansMaleMouth MucosaPreanesthetic MedicationScopolamineSecretory RateTracheaJournal Article

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

K M Leighton, H D Sanders. 1976. Anticholinergic premedication.. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03006736

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed1992

Apparent noncompetitive antagonism of muscarinic receptor mediated Ca2+ mobilization by some muscarinic antagonists.

Ca2+ mobilizations in SH-SY5Y and IMR-32 human neuroblastoma cell lines were measured using the fluorescent Ca2+ indicator fura-2. A variety of antagonists (atropine, pirenzepine, 4-DAMP and N-methyl-scopolamine) inhibited carbamyl choline-induced transient Ca2+ mobilization both in a competitive and a noncompetitive manner. The apparent noncompetitive inhibition constants were lower in IMR-32 than in SH-SY5Y cells even when the competitive inhibition constants were similar. This may relate to the previously reported differential expression of muscarinic receptor subtypes in these cell lines.

Atropine↗
PubMed1992

Psychiatric implications of missile attacks on a civilian population. Israeli lessons from the Persian Gulf War.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the proportion of hospitalized patients who had stress reactions as a result of missile attacks during the Persian Gulf War and evaluate the factors that influenced their evacuation. DESIGN: Review of medical records of patients hospitalized as a result of missile attacks. SETTING: During the Persian Gulf War in the winter of 1991, Israel received 18 missile attacks involving 39 surface-to-surface Scud missiles. The uncertainty in time, place, and type of warhead, conventional or chemical, was a source of chronic stress and the immediate cause for many traumatic stress reactions at or near the missile attack sites. PARTICIPANTS: Data from victims who were injured after each missile attack were available through a central hookup between 12 local hospitals and the Medical Corps of the Israeli Defence Force. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The number of persons diagnosed in the hospital as psychological casualties after each missile attack. RESULTS: Approximately 43% of the 773 casualties evacuated to hospitals were diagnosed as psychological casualties, and an additional 27% had mistakenly injected themselves with atropine. Data also indicated that triage of psychological casualties to hospitals was more a function of the rescue team's training and preparation than the severity or extent of injury or damage. CONCLUSIONS: Optimal treatment during events that cause mass casualties requires proper preparation of rescue teams as well as reorganization of the hospital's psychiatric services. The threat of chemical warfare affected the number and nature of stress reactions.

Atropine↗
PubMed1992

cAMP-mediated differential regulation of lignin peroxidase and manganese-dependent peroxidase production in the white-rot basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium.

Lignin peroxidases (LIPs) and manganese-dependent peroxidases (MNPs) are major components of the lignin-degrading enzyme system of Phanerochaete chrysosporium and typically appear during secondary metabolism. The involvement of cAMP in the regulation of production of LIPs and MNPs was investigated in this study. Production of LIPs and MNPs was preceded by a sharp rise in intracellular cAMP concentration. Addition of atropine, theophylline, or histamine to cultures resulted in a drop in intracellular cAMP concentration and a concomitant inhibition of production of LIPs only or of both LIPs and MNPs, depending on the concentration of the inhibitor added. These results were independently confirmed by fast protein liquid chromatographic profiles of the LIPs and MNPs in the extracellular fluid of the inhibitor-treated and untreated control cultures. LIP production was generally more sensitive to the inhibitors than MNP production. Northern blot analyses showed that the inhibitors affect the production of LIPs and MNPs at the level of transcription. Furthermore, LIP and MNP gene expression appears to be differentially regulated depending on the intracellular concentration of cAMP. These results show that cAMP plays a key role in the regulation of production of LIPs and MNPs in P. chrysosporium.

Atropine↗