[THE REGULATION OF WEATHER FACTORS AS AN INDICATION FOR THE BIOLOGICAL EFFECT OF ROOM AIR CONDITIONING].
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The factors influencing the concentration of air-borne bacteria during operations have been analysed. It was found that the concentration of air-borne bacteria depended primarily on the number of persons present in the operating theater, the air exchange rate per hour and the room volume. Persons with sterile dress were found to have much less influence than did persons with unsterile dress. A formula describing the relationship between the average concentration of air-borne germs in operating theaters, the number of persons in sterile and unsterile dress, the air exchange rate and the room volume was derived. In a total of 142 operations, the formula has been found to give reliable estimates of the concentration of air-borne germs. This equation can be used for testing whether or not the concentration of air-borne bacteria in an operating theater is within acceptable limits which have been defined.
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To detect mechanisms of tear-film adaptation to a dry climate, we investigated co-workers in our hospital with air-conditioned rooms. Three groups were formed according to the time of occupancy (6 months to 2 years, 2-4 years, and 4-6 years) and were compared with a control group. The number of patients with frequent dry-eye complaints increased up to 48%, reaching a steady state after 2-4 years. The breakup time was slightly reduced (decrease, 17.5%; P < 0.01) and also reached a steady state after 2-4 years. The tear-ferning test, however, showed a highly significant improvement (P < 0.01). A slight reduction in the Schirmer test was found. Our study indicates that improved tear quality is important for adaptation to long-standing increased evaporation of the tear film.
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Hydrophobic and hydrophilic, used and unused HEPA filters from various manufacturers, inoculated with vegetative bacteria, bacterial and fungal spores, were exposed to clean outside air for up to 17 weeks in an air conditioning plant. With relative humidities up to 60%, an increase in germ count could not be found. The rate of killing the micro-organisms inoculated were different and were generally higher on used filters. The low water content of the filter material was apparently not sufficient for microbial growth. In addition, the increase in electric conductivity and reduction of pH value resulting from deposition of substances from the outside air with an acid reaction ascertained in the aqueous filter extracts had a negative effect on the living conditions of the microorganisms.
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