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PubMed1975

[Epidemic of autochthonous hepatic and intestinal amebiasis in a place near Grenoble].

We had the opportunity of studying an epidemic of autochthonous amoebiasis occurring in the autumn of 1974 in a small town of 4000 inhabitants 30 km from Grenoble. Attention was originally attracted by the occurrence in this town of two cases of hepatic amoebiasis and one of intestinal amoebiasis identified by rectoscopy. Systematic investigations (coproctic examinations and serological tests for amoebiasis by indirect antibody fluorescence) were then carried out on everyone in the locality with digestive disorders which were possibly referable to amoebiasis, and on the other members of their families. A total number of 148 coproctic examinations were made and in two cases revealed the presence of vegetative forms of Entamoeba histolytica. In both cases the infestation provoked few symptoms (asthenia, vague abdominal discomfort, intermittent and apparently banal diarrhoea). On the other hand 20 out of 94 serological tests revealed positive results, 14 of which were equal to or greater than a titre of 1/100, a level at which all risks of non-specificity are virtually ruled out under our experimental conditions. Material reasons made it impossible to subject these cases to repeated faecal checks, but in two of them at least the rectoscopic appearances were very suggestive of subacute intestinal amoebiasis. Moreover, amoebic disease appears to be well confirmed by the results obtained among the patients as a whole by treatment with Metroinidazole. A variety of hypotheses on the origin of this epidemic have been put forward and then abandoned (market garden produce, receipt by certain families of exotic frut from overseas). In actual fact water seems to be the point of departure, for, although specimens of water taken at 7 different levels in the water supply system failed to reveal the presence of a single amoeba, bacteriological analyses during autumn 1974 showed signs of faecal contamination. The locality, which is situated at the foot of the Chartreuse massif, receives its water solely from springs but there is a holiday camp for the staff of an international airline situated above the main water catchment.

Dysentery, Amebic↗
PubMed1994

[Recent progress in the diagnosis of intestinal amebiasis. Contribution of molecular biology].

Only 10% of Entamoeba histolytica strains have been reported to have a pathogenic capacity. Theoretically and under certain conditions, confirming this estimation should limit the number and the cost of the treatments administered to the four hundred million asymptomatic carriers in the world. Several new routine tests which allow more accurate and easier diagnosis of intestinal amoebiasis and in particular the differential diagnosis between the pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains are or soon will be available. The practical interest of some of these new tests is limited by the problem of assessing parameters such as the stability in vivo and the nonpathogenic features of the nonpathogenic strains, the frequency of the association between pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains, the prevalence of pathogenic strains compared with the nonpathogenic strains, and the kinetics of the elimination of the parasitic forms. Even if these tests are assumed to be efficient, they cannot be regarded as absolutely reliable because of the complexity of the clinical disease.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diagnosis of intestinal amebiasis using coproscopic and immunological methods in a population sample in greater metropolitan Belém, Pará, Brazil].

We compare diagnostic methods for Entamoeba histolytica in fecal samples from the city of Belém, Pará, Brazil. We analyze stool samples from children and adults (Group I); stool and serum samples from adults (Group II); and stool samples from children (Group III). In groups I and III, we used direct examination with lugol (DM), Faust et al (FM), and ELISA (detection of E. histolytica anti-GIAP coproantigen) and in group II, DM, iron hematoxylin staining (IHS), FM, ELISA, and the indirect immunofluorescence test (IFAT) for detection of IgG antibodies. Positivity was 10.50% by DM plus FM and 28.99% by ELISA. There was no correlation between positivity and age group. In Group II (n = 87), the positive rate was 4.59% by DM plus FM, 8.04% by IHS, 4.59% by IFAT, and 21.83% by ELISA. The ELISA test was the most sensitive for all groups. IFAT alone is still not a useful tool for diagnosis of E. histolytica infection. The ELISA test is simple, performed in one-third of cases used for IHS and IFAT, and greatly improves quality of diagnosis. We recommend this as the method of choice for diagnosis of suspected E. histolytica infection.

Adolescent↗