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PubMed2001

Sulfogalactosylglycerolipid is involved in human gamete interaction.

Recent results from our laboratory have revealed the role of sulfogalactosylglycerolipid (SGG) in mouse sperm-zona pellucida (ZP) binding. In this report, we demonstrated the presence of SGG in Percoll-gradient centrifuged (PGC) human sperm by high performance thin layer chromatography with orcinol and Azure A staining, specific for glycolipids and sulfolipids, respectively. SGG in human PGC sperm was quantified by its affinity to Azure A to be 12-15 mol% of sperm lipids. Indirect immunofluorescence revealed that SGG existed on both live and aldehyde fixed human sperm in the head region. Pretreatment of human PGC sperm with affinity purified antiSGG Fab markedly inhibited sperm binding to the ZP in a concentration dependent manner, without any changes in the spontaneous acrosome rate or sperm motility parameters. Fluorescently labeled SGG liposomes also bound uniformly to isolated human ZP, while fluorescently labeled galactosylglycerolipid (GG, SGG's parental lipid) or phosphatidylserine (PS, negatively charged like SGG) liposomes did not. All of these results suggested the role of human sperm SGG in ZP binding.

Acrosome Reaction↗
PubMed1988

Astrocyte RNA in relation to neuronal RNA depletion in Alzheimer's disease.

A new double-staining procedure, in which the techniques of immunocytochemistry of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and quantitative microdensitometry of azure B-RNA were combined, was used to study nucleic acid alterations in fibrous astrocytes in Alzheimer's disease (AD). RNA contents of GFAP-positive cells of the hippocampal endplate (Rose's H3-H5 fields) and the dentate gyrus molecular layer were determined in ten autopsy-proven AD patients (ages 51-88) and ten age-matched, non-demented controls. In addition, RNA contents of pyramidal neurons of the endplate were examined. While there were no differences in RNA contents of astrocytes of either region between AD patients and controls, neuronal RNA was markedly depleted. These data suggest that astrocytes maintain protein synthetic capabilities in AD and that RNA loss is limited to the neuronal compartment.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Silver staining of selected mitoses by physical development.

A silver staining method using light-insensitive physical developer for electron microscopic study of selected mitoses is described. The G-banded mitoses are stained with silver by a physical development process that preserves the original G-banding pattern. Transferring the light microscopically selected mitoses to grids provides an examination by optional high resolution in an electron microscope. The physical developer makes the staining standardizable and reproducible, and the intensity of the staining can be controlled by varying the time of development.

Azure Stains↗
PubMed1989

Premature release of Plasmodium falciparum from swollen erythrocytes induced by some antimalarials.

Qinghaosu and chloroquine, but not pyrimethamine, treatment of Plasmodium falciparum cultures resulted in the formation of swollen red blood cells (RBCs) and the expulsion of degenerate trophozoites and schizonts, but not ring-stage parasites, from the infected RBCs. The parasite release resulted in the formation of RBCs with holes, that had otherwise retained their structural integrity. Membranes of swollen RBCs and their ghosts associated with parasites were efficiently visualized by Giemsa staining of thin smears for 18-24 hr but not by standard Giemsa staining for 20 min.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The morphologic identification of Pneumocystis carinii.

The diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii infection is dependent upon morphologic identification of the organism, making the staining properties of P. carinii important to the cytologist engaged in clinical service or research. Several special stains specific for P. carinii are described; in addition, the staining characteristics of the organism in Papanicolaou and in hematoxylin and eosin stains are described. The successful identification of P. carinii with the latter two stains has not been reported previously. Because these stains are often used on lung preparations, it may be possible to identify P. carinii when using these latter two techniques; however, for optimal results, we feel that it is essential to utilize one or more of the special stains discussed herein.

Animals↗